Prof. Takashi Fujikado Profile

Prof. Takashi Fujikado

at Osaka Univ

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Proceedings Article | 11 February 2008 Paper

Optical imaging of the retina in response to the electrical stimulation

Takashi Fujikado, Yoshitaka Okawa, Tomomitsu Miyoshi, Yoko Hirohara, Toshifumi Mihashi, Yasuo Tano

Proceedings Volume 6844, 68440H (2008) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.776843

KEYWORDS: Reflectivity, Retina, Electrodes, Optical imaging, Sclera, Cameras, Arteries, Vitreous, Visualization, Technetium

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Purposes: To determine if reflectance changes of the retina can be detected following electrical stimulation to the retina using a newly developed optical-imaging fundus camera. Methods: Eyes of cats were examined after pupil dilation. Retina was stimulated either focally by a ball-type electrode (BE) placed on the fenestrated sclera or diffusely using a ring-type electrode (RE) placed on the corneoscleral limbus. Electrical stimulation by biphasic pulse trains was applied for 4 seconds. Fundus images with near-infrared (800-880 nm) light were obtained between 2 seconds before and 20 seconds after the electrical stimulation (ES). A two-dimensional map of the reflectance changes (RCs) was constructed. The effect of Tetrodotoxin (TTX) was also investigated on RCs by ES using RE. Results: RCs were observed around the retinal locus where the stimulating electrodes were positioned (BE) or in the retina of the posterior pole (RE), in which the latency was about 0.5 to 1.0 sec and the peak time about 2 to 5 sec after the onset of ES. The intensity of the RCs increased with the increase of the stimulus current in both cases. RCs were completely suppressed after the injection of TTX. Conclusions: The functional changes of the retina either by focal or diffuse electrical stimulation were successfully detected by optical imaging of the retina. The contribution of retinal ganglion cells on RCs by ES was confirmed by TTX experiment. This method may be applied to the objective evaluation of the artificial retina.

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