Dr. Umberto Del Bello Profile

Dr. Umberto Del Bello

Senior Earth Observation System Engineer at European Space Agency

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Publications (31)

Proceedings Article | 2 October 2020 Presentation + Paper

The ESA Sentinel next-generation land & ocean optical imaging architectural study, an overview

Armin Löscher, Philippe Martimort, Simon Jutz, Ferran Gascon, Craig Donlon, Ilias Manolis, Umberto del Bello

Proceedings Volume 11530, 115300B (2020) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2572871

KEYWORDS: Optical imaging, Satellites, Imaging systems, Multispectral imaging, Astronomical imaging, Space operations, Ocean optics, Optical components, Radiometry, Earth observing sensors

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Proceedings Article | 3 April 2018 Open Access

Land-surface processes and interactions mission

Jean-Yves Labandibar, François Paoli, Paul Kamoun, Umberto Del Bello, Alberto Tobias

Proceedings Volume 10570, 1057002 (2018) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2326436

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Proceedings Article | 21 November 2017 Open Access

The esa earth explorer land surface processes and interactions mission

Jean-Yves Labandibar, Franck Jubineau, Pierluigi Silvestrin, Umberto Del Bello

Proceedings Volume 10569, 105690Q (2017) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2307901

KEYWORDS: Satellites, Calibration, Short wave infrared radiation, Bidirectional reflectance transmission function, Spectroscopy, Mirrors, Thermography, Prisms, Sun, Image acquisition

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Proceedings Article | 21 November 2017 Open Access

Enhancement of diffusers BRDF accuracy

Gerard Otter, Gregory Bazalgette Courrèges-Lacoste, Hedser van Brug, Jos Groote Schaarsberg, Steven Delwart, Umberto del Bello

Proceedings Volume 10567, 1056740 (2017) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2308087

KEYWORDS: Diffusers, Bidirectional reflectance transmission function, Current controlled current source, Astronomical imaging, Simulation of CCA and DLA aggregates

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Proceedings Article | 20 November 2017 Open Access

Fluorescence imaging spectrometer concepts for the Earth explorer mission candidate flex

Stefan Kraft, Umberto Del Bello, Bernd Harnisch, Marc Bouvet, Matthias Drusch, Jean-Loup Bézy

Proceedings Volume 10564, 105641W (2017) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2309086

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Proceedings Article | 25 September 2017 Open Access

Instrument pre-development for flex mission

Matteo Taccola, C. Gal, M. Kroneberger, D. Lang, A. Taiti, P. M. Coppo, E. Battistelli, D. Labate, L. Pettinato, E. Fossati, J. Caron, U. Del Bello, S. Kraft, J. L. Bézy

Proceedings Volume 10562, 105622H (2017) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2296239

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Proceedings Article | 16 October 2013 Paper

FLORIS: phase A status of the fluorescence imaging spectrometer of the Earth Explorer mission candidate FLEX

S. Kraft, J.-L. Bézy, U. Del Bello, R. Berlich, M. Drusch, R. Franco, A. Gabriele, B. Harnisch, R. Meynart, P. Silvestrin

Proceedings Volume 8889, 88890T (2013) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2032060

KEYWORDS: Spectroscopy, Luminescence, Sensors, Vegetation, Spectral resolution, Telescopes, Absorption, Optical components, Polarization, Fluorescence spectroscopy

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The Fluorescence Explorer (FLEX) mission is currently subject to feasibility (Phase A) study as one of the two candidates of ESA’s 8th Earth Explorer opportunity mission. The FLuORescence Imaging Spectrometer (FLORIS) will be an imaging grating spectrometer onboard of a medium sized satellite flying in tandem with Sentinel-3 in a Sun synchronous orbit at a height of about 815 km. FLORIS will observe vegetation fluorescence and reflectance within a spectral range between 500 nm and 780 nm. It will thereby cover the photochemical reflection features between 500 nm and 600 nm, the Chlorophyll absorption band between 600 and 677 nm, and the red-edge in the region from 697 nm to 755 nm being located between the Oxygen A and B absorption bands. By this measurement approach, it is expected that the full spectrum and amount of the vegetation fluorescence radiance can be retrieved, and that atmospheric corrections can efficiently be applied. FLORIS will measure Earth reflected spectral radiance at a relatively high spectral resolution of ~0.3 nm around the Oxygen absorption bands. Other spectral band areas with less pronounced absorption features will be measured at medium spectral resolution between 0.5 and 2 nm. FLORIS will provide imagery at 300 m resolution on ground with a swath width of 150 km. This will allow achieving global revisit times of less than one month so as to monitor seasonal variations of the vegetation cycles. The mission life time is expected to be at least 4 years. The fluorescence retrieval will make use of information coming from OLCI and SLSTR, which are onboard of Sentinel-3, to monitor temperature, to detect thin clouds and to derive vegetation reflectance and information on the aerosol content also outside the FLORIS spectral range. In order to mitigate the technological and programmatic risk of this Explorer mission candidate, ESA has initiated two comprehensive bread-boarding activities, in which the most critical technologies and instrument performance shall be investigated and demonstrated. The breadboards will include representative optics and dispersive elements in a configuration, which is expected to be very close to the instrument flight configuration. This approach follows the guideline to reach, before it goes into the implementation phase, a technology readiness level of at least 5. It thereby requires a demonstration of predicted performance in a configuration, where the basic technological components are integrated with reasonably realistic supporting elements such that it can be tested in a simulated environment. We will report, within the limits of the competitive nature of the industrial studies, on the currently running or planned preparatory activities. We will present the mission configuration, the imposed instrument requirements and the identified instrument concepts as derived by the Phase A studies.

Proceedings Article | 23 September 2013 Paper

On the demands on imaging spectrometry for the monitoring of global vegetation fluorescence from space

S. Kraft, U. Del Bello, M. Drusch, A. Gabriele, B. Harnisch, J. Moreno

Proceedings Volume 8870, 88700N (2013) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2024245

KEYWORDS: Luminescence, Vegetation, Reflectivity, Absorption, Signal to noise ratio, Spectral resolution, Spectrometers, Atmospheric particles, Oxygen, Polarization

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Proceedings Article | 13 October 2010 Paper

Design and development of the Sentinel-2 Multi Spectral Instrument and satellite system

Vincent Chorvalli, Vincent Cazaubiel, Stefan Bursch, Mario Welsch, Heinz Sontag, Philippe Martimort, Umberto Del Bello, Omar Sy, Paolo Laberinti, François Spoto

Proceedings Volume 7826, 78260J (2010) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.865749

KEYWORDS: Satellites, Mirrors, Telescopes, Sensors, Calibration, Short wave infrared radiation, Silicon carbide, Landsat, Visible radiation, Earth observing sensors

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Proceedings Article | 13 October 2006 Paper

Enhancement of diffusers BSDF accuracy: spectral features effect

Hedser van Brug, Grégory Bazalgette Courrèges-Lacoste, Gerard Otter, Jos Schaarsberg, Steven Delwart, Umberto del Bello

Proceedings Volume 6361, 636111 (2006) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.689809

KEYWORDS: Diffusers, Spectrometers, Data modeling, Sensors, Speckle pattern, Satellites, Speckle, Scattering, Sun, Calibration

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This paper reports the activities performed in the framework of the ESA contract 18432/04/NL/AR: Enhancement of diffusers BSDF Accuracy. This study was conducted to investigate properties of various diffusers. Diffusers are widely used in space instruments as part of the on-board absolute calibration. Knowledge of the behavior of the diffuser is therefore most important. From measurements of launched instruments in-orbit it has been discovered that when a diffuser is used in the vacuum of space the BSDF (Bi-directional Scattering Distribution Function) can change with respect to the one in ambient conditions. This is called the air/vacuum effect and has been simulated in this study by measuring the BSDF in a laboratory in ambient as well as vacuum conditions, results of this part of the study will be reported. Another effect on the BSDF is not related to the air/vacuum effect, but to the design parameters of the optical system and the scattering properties of the diffuser. The effect is called Spectral Features and is a noise like structure superimposed on the BSDF. To observe this effect, spectral and spatial (partially) coherence light is needed. High-resolution spectrometers provide the spectral coherence and a narrow field of view provides the spatial coherence. Modern space spectrometers have high spectral resolution and/or a small field of view (high spatial resolution). Different diffusers create different speckle patterns leading to different Spectral Features amplitudes. Therefore the choice of diffuser can be very critical with respect to the required absolute radiometric calibration of an instrument. Even if the Spectral Features are small it can influence the error budget of the retrieval algorithms for the level 2 products. In this presentation diffuser trade-off results are presented and the Spectral Features model applied to the optical configuration of the MERIS instrument is compared to in-flight measurements of MERIS. The introduction describes the use of diffusers in earth-observation satellites and why they cause spectral features. In Sec.2 the physical background of the spectral features, speckles, is discussed. Section 3 shows the results from air/vacuum effect measurements (SubSec.3.1), spectral features amplitude measurements on our in-house setup and simulations in a single graphical display (SubSec.3.2 ), and the measured and simulated results for the MERIS instrument (SubSec.3.3). The following sections deal with a description of the measuring setup and the model that has been made to do the simulations. Finally, in the discussion, topics like what is the best diffuser and what can be done to minimize the amplitude of the spectral features will be dealt with.

Proceedings Article | 21 October 2005 Paper

Spectral features effect on reference diffusers: diffuser trade-off study

Grégory Bazalgette Courrèges Lacoste, Hedser van Brug, Jos Groote Schaarsberg, Gerard Otter, Umberto del Bello

Proceedings Volume 5978, 59780Y (2005) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.628965

KEYWORDS: Diffusers, Near infrared, Sensors, Spectroscopy, Indium gallium arsenide, Camera shutters, Aluminum, Calibration, CCD image sensors, Modulation

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Proceedings Article | 22 August 2005 Paper

Spectral features due to on-board diffusers

Hedser van Brug, Gregory Bazalgette Courreges-Lacoste, Jos Groote Schaarsberg, Gerard Otter, Umberto Del Bello, Bart Snijders

Proceedings Volume 5882, 588202 (2005) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.616324

KEYWORDS: Diffusers, Speckle pattern, Speckle, Spectroscopy, Aluminum, Sensors, Polarization, Near infrared, Light sources, Satellites

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Proceedings Article | 8 April 2003 Paper

Requirements and design of a thermal high-resolution Earth mapper (THEMA) based on uncooled detectors

Peter Coppo, Enrico Battistelli, Marco Barilli, Giuseppe Basile, Roberto Bonsignori, Annalisa Capanni, Leandro Chiarantini, Claudio Giunti, Stefano Pieraccini, Andrea Romoli, Matteo Taccola, Umberto Del Bello

Proceedings Volume 4881, (2003) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.462609

KEYWORDS: Sensors, Temperature metrology, Spatial resolution, Thermography, Microbolometers, Photovoltaics, Mercury cadmium telluride, Satellites, Environmental sensing, Climatology

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Proceedings Article | 8 April 2003 Paper

Effects of nonuniform spectral sampling in hyperspectral sensors

Bruno Aiazzi, Alessandro Barducci, Stefano Baronti, Annalisa Capanni, Umberto Del Bello, Paolo Marcoionni, Ivan Pippi, Leonardo Santurri, Raffaele Vitulli

Proceedings Volume 4881, (2003) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.462989

KEYWORDS: Sensors, Prisms, Reflectivity, Optical character recognition, Atmospheric corrections, Transmittance, Signal detection, Spectroscopy, Absorption, Radiometric corrections

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Proceedings Article | 8 April 2003 Paper

System definition of the ESA Earth explorer SPECTRA mission

Umberto Del Bello, Jean-Loup Bezy, Joachim Fuchs, Michael Rast

Proceedings Volume 4881, (2003) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.463003

KEYWORDS: Calibration, Satellites, Bidirectional reflectance transmission function, Sun, Short wave infrared radiation, Spectroscopy, Sensors, Telescopes, Space operations, Mirrors

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Proceedings Article | 28 January 2002 Paper

Remote sensing of solar induced fluorescence of vegetation

Kees Smorenburg, Gregory Courreges-Lacoste, Michael Berger, Claus Buschman, Andrew Court, Umberto Del Bello, Gabriele Langsdorf, Hartmut Lichtenthaler, Christopher Sioris, Marc-Philippe Stoll, Huib Visser

Proceedings Volume 4542, (2002) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.454193

KEYWORDS: Luminescence, Spectroscopy, Vegetation, Optical filters, Sensors, Reflectivity, Atmospheric modeling, Fluorescence spectroscopy, Visibility, Photosynthesis

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Proceedings Article | 12 December 2001 Paper

Aliasing effects on images acquired by hyperspectral pushbroom sensors

Alessandro Barducci, Stefano Baronti, Roberto Bonsignori, Annalisa Capanni, Umberto Del Bello, Paolo Marcoionni, Ivan Pippi, Andrea Romoli, Leonardo Santurri, Raffaele Vitulli

Proceedings Volume 4540, (2001) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.450655

KEYWORDS: Sensors, Modulation transfer functions, Image filtering, Prisms, Image processing, Spatial resolution, Image resolution, Fuzzy logic, Image sensors, Visualization

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Proceedings Article | 9 February 2001 Paper

Visible imaging spectrometer and infrared radiometer (VISIR) for coastal zones and land applications

Umberto Del Bello, Roberto Bonsignori, Andrea Romoli, Peter Coppo

Proceedings Volume 4169, (2001) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.417140

KEYWORDS: Spectroscopy, Short wave infrared radiation, Sensors, Ocean optics, Visible radiation, Thermography, Infrared radiation, Calibration, Polarization, Radio optics

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Proceedings Article | 15 December 2000 Paper

Design of the infrared imaging chain for the PRISM hyperspectral imager

Thierry Dartois, Muriel Giordanengo, Jean-Luc Ribet, Umberto Del Bello

Proceedings Volume 4130, (2000) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.409896

KEYWORDS: Sensors, Short wave infrared radiation, Analog electronics, Video processing, Video, Cooling systems, Silicon, Prisms, Manufacturing, Clocks

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Proceedings Article | 28 December 1999 Paper

Scientific objectives and derived system requirements of the European Space Agency's Earth Explorer Land-Surface Processes and Interactions Mission

Michael Rast, Michael Berger, Pierluigi Silvestrin, Umberto Del Bello

Proceedings Volume 3870, (1999) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.373219

KEYWORDS: Satellites, Atmospheric modeling, Bidirectional reflectance transmission function, Ecosystems, Vegetation, Soil science, Imaging systems, Instrument modeling, Climatology, Process modeling

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Proceedings Article | 27 October 1999 Paper

ESA Earth Explorer Land Surface Processes and Interactions mission

Jean-Yves Labandibar, Franck Jubineau, Pierluigi Silvestrin, Umberto Del Bello

Proceedings Volume 3753, (1999) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.366277

KEYWORDS: Satellites, Calibration, Short wave infrared radiation, Bidirectional reflectance transmission function, Prisms, Thermography, Spectroscopy, Mirrors, Satellite imaging, Imaging systems

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Proceedings Article | 23 May 1997 Paper

Hyperspectral imager survey and developments for scientific and operational land processes monitoring applications

Bernd Kunkel, Winfried Posselt, Elke Schmidt, Umberto Del Bello, Bernd Harnisch, Roland Meynart

Proceedings Volume 3107, (1997) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.274730

KEYWORDS: Spectrometers, Imaging systems, Prisms, Short wave infrared radiation, Hyperspectral imaging, Calibration, Decision support systems, Staring arrays, Vegetation, Radio optics

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Proceedings Article | 27 January 1997 Paper

Processes research by an imaging space mission

Winfried Posselt, Bernd Kunkel, Elke Schmidt, Umberto Del Bello, Roland Meynart

Proceedings Volume 2957, (1997) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.265425

KEYWORDS: Prisms, Short wave infrared radiation, Thermography, Calibration, Imaging systems, Electronics, Spectroscopy, Mirrors, Radiometric resolution, Interfaces

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Proceedings Article | 27 January 1997 Paper

Hyperspectral imager for the future ESA land surface processes earth explorer mission

Umberto Del Bello, Roland Meynart

Proceedings Volume 2957, (1997) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.265424

KEYWORDS: Reflectivity, Prisms, Thermography, Infrared radiation, Detector arrays, Infrared imaging, Hyperspectral imaging, Imaging systems, Image processing, Sensors

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Proceedings Article | 27 January 1997 Paper

PRISM: Hyperspectral spaceborne imager for land processes research

Yves Delclaud, Jean-Yves Labandibar, Umberto Del Bello, Roland Meynart, Reiner Garreis, Giorgio Adami

Proceedings Volume 2957, (1997) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.265426

KEYWORDS: Prisms, Calibration, Mirrors, Satellites, Short wave infrared radiation, Imaging systems, Spectroscopy, Sensors, Telescopes, Space telescopes

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Proceedings Article | 27 January 1997 Paper

PRISM on-board characterization

Winfried Posselt, Daniel Lobb, Philip Slater, Umberto Del Bello, Roland Meynart

Proceedings Volume 2957, (1997) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.265442

KEYWORDS: Diffusers, Calibration, Prisms, Sun, Mirrors, Black bodies, Sensors, Mirror pointing, Reflectivity, Short wave infrared radiation

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Proceedings Article | 21 October 1996 Paper

PRISM: processes research by imaging space mission

Jean-Yves Labandibar, Yves Delclaud, Umberto Del Bello, Roland Meynart, Reiner Garrels, Giorgio Adami

Proceedings Volume 2817, (1996) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.255186

KEYWORDS: Calibration, Prisms, Mirrors, Short wave infrared radiation, Satellites, Spectroscopy, Sensors, Telescopes, Space operations, Spatial resolution

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Proceedings Article | 23 August 1996 Paper

Development of design concepts for the PRISM (process research by an imaging space mission) instrument

Daniel Lobb, Umberto Del Bello, Bernd Kunkel, Winfried Posselt, Olivier Saint-Pe

Proceedings Volume 2774, (1996) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.246674

KEYWORDS: Prisms, Mirrors, Spectrometers, Short wave infrared radiation, Sensors, Satellites, Telescopes, Spatial resolution, Spectral resolution, Aerospace engineering

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Proceedings Article | 24 November 1995 Paper

PRISM: a hyperspectral imager for a future ESA land observation mission

Umberto Del Bello, Peter Kealy, Roland Meynart, Michael Rast

Proceedings Volume 2585, (1995) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.227192

KEYWORDS: Prisms, Reflectivity, Satellites, Thermography, Infrared radiation, Detector arrays, Spectroscopy, Infrared imaging, Spatial resolution, Hyperspectral imaging

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Proceedings Article | 24 November 1995 Paper

PRISM (processes research by an imaging spaceborne mission): high-resolution hyperspectral imager for scientific land processes monitoring applications

Bernd Kunkel, Fritz Blechinger, Reinhold Lutz, Winfried Posselt, Umberto Del Bello, Roland Meynart, Daniel Lobb, Olivier Saint-Pe

Proceedings Volume 2585, (1995) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.227187

KEYWORDS: Prisms, Calibration, Electronics, Short wave infrared radiation, Imaging systems, Staring arrays, Control systems, Spectroscopy, Detector arrays, Infrared imaging

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Dasa (Daimler-Benz Aerospace) currently is in charge of an ESA contract for the PRISM feasibility study, including MATRA MS/France and SIRA/UK. The main PRISM mission objectives are to monitor selected target areas with emphasis on bio-chemical stress analyses which are the subject of changes such as vegetation, in particular deforestation; further areas include glaciers, land/water boundaries, and similar features. The Dasa study team makes use of a similar ESA instrument currently the subject of dedicated subunits technology developments, the HRIS (high resolution imaging spectrometer), also lead by Dasa. Its main features and technology developments are covered in a survey. PRISM is covering most of the HRIS features, i.e., it will have an imaging spectrometer segment for the visible/NIR and the SWIR spectrum (450-2350 nm) as HRIS, but implements four MIR and TIR channels to provide surface temperature data, represented by linear detector arrays (essentially the features of another currently pursued ESA development program designated HRTIR). In a first study phase it also included a novel feature, a wide-angle two-axis pointing system for along- and across-track pointing in order to yield multi-directional reflectance data of dedicated targets, which turned out to be the greatest design driver in the instrument, it was omitted in the later phases. The geometric sampling interval is defined to 50 m (design goal) at 50 km swath. PRISM is currently studied in a feasibility study in a competitive way by two teams, one being lead by Dasa. At the time of the Symposium both studies are completed. The results of the Dasa team are presented. Since PRISM covers most of the HRIS mission it is rather likely that in the case of a successful concept feasibility proof (performance and technology wise), it may later replace the HRIS instrument. It is anticipated that a major part of the technology developments currently performed for HRIS will be utilized -- with some modifications -- for PRISM as well.

Proceedings Article | 1 October 1991 Paper

Energy balance in high-power CO2 laser welding

Umberto Del Bello, Cristina Rivela, Maichi Cantello, Mauro Penasa

Proceedings Volume 1502, (1991) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.46888

KEYWORDS: High power lasers, Absorption, Laser welding, Plasma, Metals, Reflection, Rhodium, Switches, Aluminum, Carbon dioxide lasers

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