The paper presents the mathematical technique for precise calculation of the three dimensional point spread function (3D PSF) of an optical system. The proposed technique is based on the Huygens-Fresnel principle: a spherical wave at an exit pupil is considered as a numerous set of elementary secondary light sources. They emit spherical coherent electro-magnetic waves. All these waves form a definite distribution of summarized complex amplitudes in a three dimensional space near a focal point. This distribution is used for calculation of the distribution of effective intensity which takes into account inclinations of optical beams. The possible approximations of the 3D PSF are discussed. The results of calculations of 3D PSF using the precise and approximated expressions are compared.
The paper presents the mathematical technique for precise calculation of the three dimensional point spread
function (3D PSF) of a high aperture optical system. The proposed technique is based on Huygens-Fresnel principle: a
spherical wave at an exit pupil is considered as a numerous set of elementary secondary light sources. They emit
spherical coherent electro-magnetic waves. All these waves form a definite distribution of summarized complex
amplitudes in a three dimensional space near a focal point. This distribution is used for calculation of the distribution of
effective intensity which takes into account the influence of inclined optical beams. The comparison analysis of this
approach and the techniques based on multi-dimensional Fourier transforms are discussed.
The paper presents the mathematical technique for calculation of three dimensional intensity distribution near a
focal point of a high aperture optical system in case of quasi monochromatic partly polarized light. This technique is
extension of the vector diffraction theory for high aperture optical systems. It is based on Huygens-Fresnel principle:
spherical wave at an exit pupil is considered as a numerous set of elementary secondary partly polarized light sources.
The total intensity is calculated as superposition of complex wave amplitudes taking into account polarization
orientation, degree of polarization defined by Stokes parameters, orientation of detector aperture and coherence length
of quasi-monochromatic light.
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