The distributed strain measurement of special complex structures (R-type structures) has always been a significant challenge, as traditional methods such as electronic and ultrasonic detection are insufficient. This paper utilizes the high-precision, high-resolution, and blind-spot-free distributed strain measurement achieved through the application of optical frequency domain reflectometry (OFDR) and distributed fiber optic technology. By developing OFDR information demodulation algorithms and selecting Gagelength values of different sizes, accurate demodulation of OFDR sensing information is achieved. Additionally, various loading experiments of different levels are conducted on multiple R-type samples to investigate the strain variations of materials with different R-angle values. Through analysis of multiple experimental data of the samples, it is observed that larger Gagelength values result in higher sensing accuracy, with smoother curves and greater influence from large strain gradients. Conversely, smaller Gagelength values lead to lower sensing accuracy, with more curved curves and lesser influence from large strain gradients. By reducing the Gagelength, it is possible to effectively eliminate strain outliers caused by large strain gradients, thereby reflecting the true strain distribution when the R-angle position is subjected to force. This further validates the feasibility of OFDR technology in strain measurement of complex structures, including R-type configurations.
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