Augmented reality(AR) glasses are smart wearing devices which is promising to be the next generation computing platform. The most important components in AR glasses is the near eye display module, which can be built dependent on different optics structures, for example, free-form optics, bird-bath and light or wave-guide. The diffractive wave-guide makes it possible to be a colorful near-eye display with high transparency and ultra-small form factor. Compared with other structures, the two-dimensional diffraction grating wave-guide is able to provide larger field of view with certain area, because it can expand and out-couple the light in the same region. To ensure the uniformity of lightness, it requires high flexibility of control on diffraction energy distribution. In this work a new 2D structure is proved as effective and efficient to concentrate light on the desired diffraction orders under different condition. The new structure was optimized by using Rigorous Coupled Wave Analysis (RCWA) method. The wave-guide model based on this structure had been simulated by VirtualLab software as a benchmark. The simulation results demonstrate that the uniformity of eye box and field of view is good enough for human perception.
Automatic optimization of diffractive structures is of great interest and has potential applications in see-through near-eye displays. Here, we propose an approach of on-demand design of diffractive elements using the physics-driven topological optimization. The topology is iteratively optimized according to the added constrains in dispersion and angle uniformity. The proposed model provides an effective way for the design of complex electromagnetic components that are essentially irregular and out of the box of human’s designing.
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