Virtual reality system for Minimally Invasive Surgery (MIS) is a challenging problem in the context of the World Wide
Web. In this paper, we present a framework of web-enabled interventional neuroradiology simulation system with force
feedback. Based on the hierarchical information from segmented human vascular images, we produce the small datasize
control mesh of the vasculature and finally get a smooth vascular model. When a collision occurs, we calculate the
volume of force feedback according to physical parameters under which the collision occurs and give the trainee a
haptic feedback by the force feedback hardware that connects to the simulation system. Our method has three features:
1) the vascular model exhibits little memory consumption; 2) the vascular model delivers good rendering performance;
3) the collision detection along with force feedback computation model is a distributed one and can provide good real
time reaction to the user. The initial result obtained from applying the method in our prototype of a web-enabled
simulation system is encouraging: the 3D visualization of human vasculature and the haptic feedback mechanism
present the trainee a vivid surgical simulation environment and the real-time force reaction is also an exciting feature
for web-enabled surgical simulation system.
KEYWORDS: Haptic technology, Data modeling, Systems modeling, Image-guided intervention, Internet, Computer simulations, Navigation systems, 3D modeling, Visualization, Video
The existing web-based medical training systems and surgical simulators can provide affordable and accessible medical training curriculum, but they seldom offer the trainee realistic and affordable haptic feedback. Therefore, they cannot offer the trainee a suitable practicing environment. In this paper, a haptic solution for interventional radiology (IR) procedures is proposed. System architecture of a web-based training system for IR procedures is briefly presented first. Then, the mechanical structure, the working principle and the application of a haptic device are discussed in detail. The haptic device works as an interface between the training environment and the trainees and is placed at the end user side. With the system, the user can be trained on the interventional radiology procedures - navigating catheters, inflating balloons, deploying coils and placing stents on the web and get surgical haptic feedback in real time.
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