Phenology is the important indicator of reflecting climate and environment change. Development of remote sensing
provides a new method for mapping phenology. Normalized difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) derived from the
Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) is a key indicator to vegetation monitoring and phenology
analysis. This paper uses time-series of MODIS NDVI 16 days vegetation indices of 250 meters, making use of double
Logistic model, extracting deciduous forest phenology of Beijing area in the year 2001-2009. The results show that in
most of Beijing area, deciduous forest growing season start date begins between 110th and 160th day; Growing season
end date begins between 280th and 330th; Length of growing season in most parts of deciduous forest is mainly between
120th and 200th day. Among them, 2001 and 2006 growing season start date, growing season end date have a large
difference from previous years, and have relations with precipitation and length of day. Compared the results with
phenology field observation data, the results have a certain reliability.
The thematic remotely sensed information extraction is always one of puzzling nuts which the remote sensing science
faces, so many remote sensing scientists devotes diligently to this domain research. The methods of thematic information
extraction include two kinds of the visual interpretation and the computer interpretation, the developing direction of
which is intellectualization and comprehensive modularization. The paper tries to develop the intelligent extraction
method of feature space transformation for the deciduous forest thematic information extraction in Changping district of
Beijing city. The whole Chinese-Brazil resources satellite images received in 2005 are used to extract the deciduous
forest coverage area by feature space transformation method and linear spectral decomposing method, and the result
from remote sensing is similar to woodland resource census data by Chinese forestry bureau in 2004.
Luxi County of Yunnan Province in China has the biggest areas of tobacco fields that belong to Chinese Red River Tobacco Company. And the areas of tobacco field in 2005 achieved more than 20,000 Chinese acres. So Luxi County is the ideal bed to identify the tobacco field by remotely sensed technology. The paper introduces SPOT5 imagery with the high spatial resolution of 5m and clear texture information and Landsat TM imagery with the medium spatial resolution of 30m and high spectrum resolution in study area. Firstly, we ortho-rectify the TM and SPOT imageries in study area, then uses the pansharp fusion method to fuse the above two Ortho-images with different spatial resolutions. Lastly, based on the spatial distribution patterns of the tobacco field with highly congregated in macro regions of continent & nation, and the small patch dispersible at the levels of the County & Town & Village, considered the tobacco spectrum characteristic and the terrain distribution characteristic, the paper introduces the altitude above sea level, the slope, the vegetation index (NDVI), the texture factor and so on to identify the tobacco fields in the fused imagery. The rate of accuracy of computer classifies by this method achieves 77.75%.
The keystones of research on modern volcanic hazards and calamity are from static research on local or regional change to dynamic research on global change, which emphasize particularly on monitoring volcanic activity and countermeasures of disaster recovery. Geological problems are emphases of volcano study in China in the past few years. Research on volcano mitigation starts now. There is still a few case of integrative risk assessment. Baitoushan volcano in the Changbaishan region is an active volcano with the most possible eruption and causing hazards in China. So the paper introduces a kind of brand-new Geographic method - Geographical Information System (GIS) and Remote Sensing (RS) to risk evaluation of volcanic hazards and attempt to introduce a kind of new risk evaluation approach of volcanic hazards based on Area Source Model. When choosing evaluative indexes, we take three aspects of fatalness of volcanic hazards, socio-economic vulnerability, harmfulness of causing-disaster factors into account.The fundamental data of evaluation in the studied area are acquired by the method of man-machine interpreting TM image and referring to forefathers' research results to do correction. Cell (1 km x 1 km size of raster unit) is partitioned in Changbaishan region, which is realized in raster GIS platform. The above risks were combined with the cll based on Area Source Model following mathematical models of risk evaluation on ARC/INFOR GRID sub modular. From risk evaluation result of volcanic hazards in Changbaishan region we can conclude that : 1. The value of risk is lower with far from Baitoushan crater, which is tallied with other scholars' and the general cognition. 2. The contribution to risk of pyroelastic flow is very big, while the influence of fulgurite is comparatively small, which is identical with the fact that the amount and harmfulness of pyroelastic is much larger than flugurite. The following fact shows that the method that the dissertation adopts is very practicable.
Much attention is focused on Land-use / Land-cover changes (LUCC) in recent years in the field of geographical studies, not only because it is one the most important contents of global environmental change, but also for the reason that it can affect terrestrial carbon cycle greatly, which plays an important role in warming the earth. Together with some data collected from the State Statistical Bureau and the State Land Administration, remotely sensed data (NOAA / AVHRR Imagery) is also used to study land-use change in east China during the last 20 years. It is clear that the land structure changes greatly in this period. More important, the farmland, grassland and forest have been changed more than any other elements. In the meantime, impacts of land-use change on land-cover change in the area are also analyzed by studying change of the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI). Finally, it is estimated that based on such changes, the net primary productivity in east China during last 20 years may increase. The preliminary analysis shows that a relative steady increase in terrestrial net primary productivity is acknowledged. In another word, it seems that vegetation has sequestrated more carbon these years in east part of China.
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