Waterjet guided laser processing demonstrates effective reduction of the heat-affected zone and defects, including micro-cracks, recast layers, and burrs compared with long-pulse laser processing. Moreover, it surpasses ultrashort pulse laser processing in terms of processing efficiency. In this study, we meticulously investigated the impact of various parameters, namely feed speed, cutting time, parallel paths distance, and the number of parallel paths, on the cutting efficiency and quality of 1mm thick TA1 titanium plates. Through meticulous analysis using a laser confocal microscope, we evaluated both the upper surface morphology and three-dimensional characteristics of the cuts. The results are as follows: (1) The cutting efficiency gradually declines with increasing cutting speed and reaches its peak at a cutting speed of 1 mm/s and a material removal rate of 12.14 m/s. (2) In the case of single path cutting, the processing efficiency gradually diminishes with time, and the depth ended up at 900μm. (3) The cutting efficiency experiences an initial increase followed by a subsequent decrease with the augmentation of the distance between parallel paths and the number of parallel paths. (4) By adopting a feed speed of 1 mm/s, parallel paths distance of 50μm, and employing 5 parallel paths, we achieved a remarkable 183% increase in the material removal rate in cutting titanium compared with before the optimization, moreover, the cutting time is reduced by 65%. The average surface roughness before and after optimization are 2.93μm and 2.94μm respectively. Our research provides a theoretical basis for the study of waterjet guided laser cutting of TA1 titanium.
As a novel composite processing technology, water guided laser has the advantages of small heat affected zone, good surface quality of the cut surface, strong processing depth capability and small taper compared with the traditional dry laser processing technology. In this paper, the infrared water guided laser processing technology is used to process 7075 aluminum alloy, which has high strength, high toughness and corrosion resistance and is widely used in the fields of aerospace, mechanical equipment. The processing parameters of the infrared water guided laser including the effect of 7075 aluminum alloy on the cutting depth, kerf width and surface quality at different feed speed, number of cutting times and peak power are analyzed to extend the processing method of 7075 aluminum alloy. The distance-power curve was also derived based on the fact that the further the power meter was from the nozzle, the lower the power measured within the water column. The experimental results show that the faster the 7075 aluminum alloy feed speed is, the shallower the cutting depth and the smaller the kerf width is, while the higher the number of cuts and the higher the peak power are, both will result in large cutting depth and kerf width. Finally, high quality cutting through and punching of 3mm aluminum alloy plate is achieved, which provides the theoretical basis for the study to infrared water guided laser.
Water-guided laser is a processing technology that uses a high-pressure water jet to guide the laser to act on the processing surface to complete material removal, which has the advantages of large processing depth, small heat-affected zone and good processing quality. However, the coupling efficiency of the beam in the water jet affects the processing quality. The coupling efficiency was found to be affected by the laminar flow quality of the water jet, which has an irregular shape on the surface of the water column ejected from the nozzle. This paper investigates the factors affecting the beam propagation quality and provides an in-depth study of the laminar surface state affecting the laminar light transmission. The laser energy distribution in laminar flow in different surface morphology was simulated with ZEMAX optical simulation software. The influence law on the light transmission efficiency of water jet is obtained, the more complex the surface morphology of the water jet, the worse the light transfer efficiency and the more serious the power loss. Lastly, the reasons affecting the laminar flow condition are analyzed, theoretical support is provided for efficient laminar flow coupling light transmission by water-guided laser.
The experiment research regarding ablating the sapphire substrate by picosecond laser with wavelength of 532nm is presented. The influence of adjusted processing parameters on the cracks and clippings via controlling the variable method is studied. Furthermore, the analysis results shows that the thermal effect of 532nm picosecond laser is obvious, cracks and clippings will appear after only a few pulses of ablation. However, when the laser power decreases to 1.32W , the sapphire is ablated, and the cracks and chippings are significantly reduced. Eventually, a straight round hole with a diameter of 0.3mm that have not obvious cracks and chipping would be processed when the energy was selected near the ablation threshold.
As a new type of micro machining technology, waterjet guided laser processing technology has the advantages of small thermal damage, strong depth ability and small taper effect compared with the traditional dry laser processing technology, and it has broad development and application prospects. 7050 aluminum alloy has been widely used in aerospace manufacturing because of its high strength, high toughness and excellent stress corrosion resistance. In this paper, 7075 aluminum alloy was processed by waterjet guided laser processing technology, and they were studied that the influence of waterjet speed and workpiece feed speed on cutting depth and surface quality. The results show that the cutting depth increases with the increase of waterjet speed in single cutting, and decreases with the increase of workpiece feed speed. By adjusting the process parameters, the surface quality of cutting surface and micro hole machining is better than the results of traditional dry laser processing. In conclusion, the influence of laser processing parameters on the processing of aluminum alloy is analyzed, and the processing method of 7075 aluminum alloy is expanded.
Under the condition of limited laser energy, it is of great significance to understand and effectively control the laser distribution in the laminar flow column to solve the problem of depth capability decline caused by the taper effect of the slit in the thick plate material waterjet guided laser processing. In this paper, the distribution of laser energy in the water column is analyzed by means of simulation and experiment. In the simulation analysis, using ZEMAX software, the energy distribution of axial position and radial position (diameter section) in water column is simulated and analyzed for the different focal length and nozzle diameter. In addition, the simulation results are verified by experiments. The results show that: the laser energy in the laminar water column still presents the characteristics of Gaussian like distribution, which will make the material remove very difficult at the edge of the water column due to the insufficient power density. This is easy to produce machining taper effect. Finally, the energy distribution conditions of high efficiency material removal by water guided laser are given. This study provides a theoretical and technical basis for further understanding the law of energy transmission and distribution of water column in water guided laser.
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