Surface-patterning technologies have enabled the improvement of currently existing light-emitting diodes (LEDs) and can be used to overcome the issue of low quantum efficiency of green GaN-based LEDs. We have applied nanosphere lithography to fabricate nanopillars on InGaN/GaN quantum-well LEDs. By etching through the active region, it is possible to improve both the light extraction efficiency and, in addition, the internal quantum efficiency through the effects of lattice strain relaxation. Nanopillars of different sizes are fabricated and analyzed using Raman spectroscopy. We have shown that nanopillar LEDs can be significantly improved by applying a combination of ion-damage curing techniques, including thermal and acidic treatment, and have analyzed their effects using x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy.
White light-emitting diodes (LEDs) consisting of a nitride-based blue LED chip and phosphor are very promising
candidates for the general lighting applications as energy-saving sources. Recently, donor-acceptor doped fluorescent
SiC has been proven as a highly efficient wavelength converter material much superior to the phosphors
in terms of high color rendering index value and long lifetime. The light extraction efficiency of the fluorescent
SiC based all semiconductor LED light sources is usually low due to the large refractive index difference between
the semiconductor and air. In order to enhance the extraction efficiency, we present a simple method to fabricate
the pseudo-periodic moth-eye structures on the surface of the fluorescent SiC. A thin gold layer is deposited
on the fluorescent SiC first. Then the thin gold layer is treated by rapid thermal processing. After annealing,
the thin gold layer turns into discontinuous nano-islands. The average size of the islands is dependent on the
annealing condition which could be well controlled. By using the reactive-ion etching, pseudo-periodic moth-eye
structures would be obtained using the gold nano-islands as a mask layer. Reactive-ion etching conditions are
carefully optimized to obtain the lowest surface reflection performance of the fabricated structures. Significant
omnidirectional luminescence enhancement (226.0 %) was achieved from the angle-resolved photoluminescence
measurement, which proves the pseudo-periodic moth-eye structure as an effective and simple method to enhance
the extraction efficiency of fluorescent SiC based white LEDs.
Light-emitting diodes (LEDs) are penetrating into the huge market of general lighting because they are energy saving
and environmentally friendly. The big advantage of LED light sources, compared to traditional incandescent lamps and
fluorescent light tubes, is the flexible spectral design to make white light using different color mixing schemes. The
spectral design flexibility of white LED light sources will promote them for novel applications to improve the life quality
of human beings. As an initial exploration to make use of the spectral design flexibility, we present an example: 'no
blue' white LED light source for sufferers of disease Porphyria. An LED light source prototype, made of high brightness
commercial LEDs applying an optical filter, was tested by a patient suffering from Porphyria. Preliminary results have
shown that the sufferer could withstand the light source for much longer time than the standard light source. At last
future perspectives on spectral design flexibility of LED light sources improving human being's life will be discussed,
with focus on the light and health. The good health is ensured by the spectrum optimized so that vital hormones
(melatonin and serotonin) are produced during times when they support human daily rhythm.
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