Today, optical systems of subpixel measurements of geometric dimensions of objects, as well as 3D triangulation measurement systems, have gained wide application. This capability is achieved under the condition of obtaining sharp images of the investigated object. However, challenges arise when the object's image or a specific part of it becomes blurred or defocused, as some of its features lie outside the focal plane. The use of defocused images leads to significant measurement errors during their computer processing. The paper introduces a method based on the use of two defocused images of the research object. Through advanced computer processing, this approach enables obtaining a sharp image, extracting its contour, and acquiring its geometric parameters with subpixel precision.
KEYWORDS: Image filtering, Ultrasonography, Speckle, Image processing, Linear filtering, Digital filtering, Electronic filtering, Ultrasonics, Signal to noise ratio, Gaussian filters
A review of the methods of filtering ultrasound images on the example of hip dysplasia images is presented, their advantages and disadvantages are shown. Demonstrated ways of computer diagnostics of Hip dysplasia development. The method of filtration of the speckle noise of ultrasonic images of the hip dysplasia was proposed. The proposed method focuses on Gaussian blur effects. The idea of the method is that performs a logical AND operation between the original input image and two another images processed Gaussian filtering. The algorithm was tested on the tested images, as well as on real ultrasound images of hip dysplasia.
KEYWORDS: Ultrasonics, Mathematical modeling, Ultrasonography, Receivers, Temperature metrology, Acoustics, Process control, Wave propagation, Signal processing, Signal attenuation
The aim of the research is to improve the technical parameters of ultrasonic meters by using the phenomenon of resonance and standing wave. The basis of the resonance method is the using standing acoustic waves arising in the medium due to the interference of the incident and reflected acoustic waves. The paper proposes a mathematical model of the ultrasonic resonance method for measuring parameters of liquid and gaseous media, which can be used for measuring control of parameters such as density, temperature, thickness, flow velocity, and others. To test the adequacy of the proposed model of ultrasonic wave propagation, its computer simulation and experimental studies were carried out. The air was chosen as the test medium (temperature 20° С, velocity 343m/s, atmospheric pressure 1atm). The time diagrams of the signal at the receiver for a distance of 34.3mm, when the resonance condition was satisfied, and for a distance of 34.73mm, when the ant resonance condition was satisfied, were modeled according to the proposed mathematical model. The dependence of the amplitude of the signal at the receiver is given for signal frequencies of 170–20kHz with a transmitter-to-receiver distance of 35.85mm and a sound speed of 340.8m/s. The simulation results confirm the adequacy of the purposed mathematical model. This allows proposing a new class of self-oscillating ultrasonic methods for measuring and control of medium parameters. The block diagram and the principle of operation of the auto-oscillating ultrasound meters for measuring the thickness, and gas temperature of test objects are described.
New approaches to ultrasonic measurements based on the use of the ultrasonic near-field zone and the resonance method are considered. the approaches can be used to measure such material parameters as density, thickness and humidity. simulation and obtained experimental results are given. a mathematical model of the ultrasonic resonance method for measuring material parameters is presented. shown simulation results and experimental data exhibit the high convergence which indicates the adequacy of the proposed model and allows offering a new class of ultrasonic methods for measuring control. a new approach to ultrasonic measurements based on the creation of ultrasonic wave selfoscillation conditions is proposed.
An ultrasonic amplitude-frequency meter of the velocity flowing environment was developed, where one channel for reception of the signal transmission for and against the flow was used, amplitude-frequency modulation scheme was performed, an experimental sample was developed and experimental research was conducted in the article.
The work is devoted to the development of an eight-digit priority encoder constructed on monoimmittance logic gates. The electric circuit on the properties of the long lines in the microwave range was developed. The mathematical model and additional optimization were carried out. The monoimmittance priority encoder computer simulation was performed. The advantages of the developed monoimmittance priority encoder are increased speed, simplicity of design, passive power supply, absence of a threshold of minimum operating voltage and increased immunity to electromagnetic interferences.
The ultrasonic method for measuring the flow rate of flowing environment based on the use of the amplitude-frequency modulation scheme is presented. The mathematical model of the ultrasonic converter of the flowing environment flow rate is proposed.
The paper presents a new sharpening method that can be applied for the low-contrast medical images as well as general
edge detection. The method provides more reliable diagnosis of the vascular system based on image processing. The new
contouring method was compared with Sobel, low-frequency filtration and Canny edge detection methods on the
example images with micro-capillaries.
The paper presents the research results to increase the probability of mass fractions measuring control of liquefied petroleum gas components, which has various temperatures by defining the density of the liquid phase. The thermooptical method for measuring control of mass fractions of liquefied petroleum gas components is presented in the paper. The measuring conversion function of the refractive index of liquefied petroleum gas was improved based on the proposed method. Based on research conducted it was developed the device of optoelectronic mass fraction measuring of liquefied petroleum gas components. The estimation of static metrological characteristics of control device measuring channel for the liquefied petroleum gas components mass fractions. The control device basic errors are defined as well.
An intermittent-contact method and means for controlling geometric dimensions of small-size complex-shaped objects is proposed. It provides sub-pixel localization of the object edge points on the image due to introduction of an additional body into the measurement zone.
Today real-time studying and tracking of movement dynamics of various biological objects is important and widely researched. Features of objects, conditions of their visualization and model parameters strongly influence the choice of optimal methods and algorithms for a specific task. Therefore, to automate the processes of adaptation of recognition tracking algorithms, several Labview project trackers are considered in the article. Projects allow changing templates for training and retraining the system quickly. They adapt to the speed of objects and statistical characteristics of noise in images. New functions of comparison of images or their features, descriptors and pre-processing methods will be discussed. The experiments carried out to test the trackers on real video files will be presented and analyzed.
A method of edge detection in images is proposed basing that based on low-frequency filtering. The method uses polynomial interpolation to determine the coordinates of the edge point with subpixel accuracy. Some experiments have been results also have been provided.
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