Micro/nano-structured amorphous carbon promises functional prospects in energy-saving, water purification, nonlinear optics, catalysis, sensors, and the internet of things, but there exist many challenges, especially in rapid synthesized nanostructured carbon materials towards performance improvement. Thereby, a transfer-free digital photochemical synthesis method is studied here via scalable single-step nanosecond laser processing. Controllable photon energy from a 1064nm wavelength nanosecond laser drives different degrees of carbonization on paper surfaces. The blended cellulose-lignin network is converted into a series of micro/nano-stacked porous carbon materials during fabrication. High-resolution transmission electron microscope showcases that lattice characteristics of synthesized carbon shift according to optical parameters. A comparison of material morphologies formed at different conditions can be found here. Nanosecond laser processing opens a new avenue for the rapid preparation of carbon nanomaterials on paper substrates with special textures and special microstructures, promising more carbon-based multifunctional devices.
Based on the influence of surface metal materials on electric field, a terahertz metamaterial absorber with a highly symmetrical open box was designed. Aiming at the traditional square ring absorber, the absorber is made of three open square rings and a pair of symmetrical strips of silicon. Starting from the structure and material of the absorber, the absorption rate of the absorber to the three-frequency band wave is regulated by changing the size of the surface metal ring, changing the thickness of the dielectric layer, changing the dielectric constant of the dielectric layer material, and adjusting the conductivity of the silicon material after the addition of semiconductor silicon. When no semiconductor silicon is added, the absorption rate of the absorber in the low frequency band reaches 94.77% and the absorption frequency band is 0.73thz. By increasing the thickness of dielectric layer, the phenomenon of redshift is obvious, which can realize the purpose of continuous frequency band absorption. By adding the silicon strip with symmetrical structure and changing the conductivity comparison, it is found that it can close the absorption peak in the high frequency band, reducing the absorption rate to less than %, and at the same time affecting the absorption rate of the low frequency band.
Real-time detection for living cells in vitro is essential for cell physiology, leading to a strong requirement of low cost and label free biosensors. At present, the terahertz plasmonic metamaterials (TPMMs) are an especially attractive application for biosensing owing to their sharp resonances respond. Compared with traditional biosensors, such as flow cytomertry, the TPMMs biosensors have many unique advantages, containing real-time monitoring, free label and high sensitivity. In this paper, we proposed a TPMMs which is designed by digging out periodically arranged regular hexagonal holes on the metal plate with the thickness of 200 nm. The samples of the TPMMs is used as a platform for detecting liver cancer cell GEP2 concentration at five levels (1 × 104, 5 × 104, 1 × 105, 3 × 105 and 5 × 105cells/ml). The results show that The THz PMMs biosensor cannot distinguish cell concentrations within the orders of magnitude between 1 × 104 and 5 × 104 cells/ml, however, it can distinguish cell concentrations within the orders of magnitude between 1 × 104 and 1 × 105 cells/ml based on the x-polarized reflection spectrum TPMMs biosensor. On the other hand, the transmission spectrum TPMMs biosensor has a significant detectability of the orders of magnitude cell concentration between 104 and 105 cells/ml. The proposed TPMMs biosensor paves a fascinating platform for have been widely applied for cell detection, biotechnology.
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