The acceleration of urbanization has increasingly exacerbated air pollution in Northwest China. However, existing studies have relatively few analyses of PM2.5 concentrations in response to land-use changes. This study quantitatively evaluated the impact of land-use changes on PM2.5 concentrations in Urumqi (2014 to 2023) using remote sensing techniques and machine learning methods. The MCD19-A2 aerosol optical depth (AOD) product, with gaps filled using a singular spectrum analysis algorithm (99.63% AOD coverage), was used to predict PM2.5 concentrations based on the light gradient boosting machine method (10-CV R2=0.93, root mean square error=17.98 μg/m3). The spatial correlation between land-use changes and PM2.5 concentrations showed that PM2.5 concentrations were highest in central urban areas but decreased by an average of 27.41 μg/m3 over the decade. Land-use type transitions (barren-grassland, grassland-barren, and grassland-cropland) were significantly negatively correlated with PM2.5, indicating these changes reduced aerosol concentrations during the research period in Urumqi. The reaction of dynamic PM2.5 to land-use and land-cover changes showed a local overlap but was not entirely consistent, as reflected by the geographically weighted regression model. Geodetector quantified the contribution of land-use change to PM2.5 reduction, particularly barren-grassland conversion, which notably reduced PM2.5 (contribution coefficient = 0.161), highlighting the importance of protecting vegetated areas for PM2.5 control in Urumqi. These findings clarify the impact of land-use change on PM2.5, supporting improvements in land management and atmospheric control strategies for sustainable development in Urumqi.
KEYWORDS: Particles, Environmental monitoring, Data modeling, Atmospheric modeling, Time series analysis, Air quality, Statistical analysis, Atmospheric particles, Environmental management, Agriculture
PM2.5 particulate matter is one of the important pollutants in the atmosphere, which has a serious impact on human health and environment. Therefore, the study of the change of PM2.5 particulate matter concentration has attracted more and more attention. This paper selected the monitoring data set of PM2.5 particulate matter concentration from 2014 to 2022 at various detection points in Urumqi, aiming to deeply understand the change rule of PM2.5 particulate matter concentration and provide a basis for future environmental management and prevention measures. In terms of data preprocessing, this paper fills in the vacant values, carries out statistical analysis on the daily average concentration of PM2.5 particles at each data collection point, and calculates the mean value, variance, standard difference and other statistical indicators of PM2.5 particle concentration in different regions. At the same time, the paper also calculates the daily average concentration of PM2.5 particles at each data collection point, which provides a data basis for the subsequent time series analysis and prediction. In the aspect of time series analysis, the ARIMA model is used to predict the change of PM2.5 particle average daily concentration in the next five years. Firstly, the ADF test and the data comparison graph before and after difference were used to judge whether the sequence was stationary. Then, the p and q values of the ARIMA model were determined by autocorrelation analysis. Finally, the order of backward prediction is obtained according to the model parameter table and the time series analysis diagram. The prediction of the ARIMA model can accurately analyze and predict the change of the average daily concentration of PM2.5 particles in the next five years, and provide a scientific basis for environmental management and prevention measures. In conclusion, this paper makes a detailed analysis and prediction on the monitoring data set of PM2.5 particulate matter concentration at various detection points in Urumqi from 2014 to 2022, which provides a basis for studying the change rule of PM2.5 particulate matter concentration and a reference for future environmental management and preventive measures.
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