Guigan longmu Decoction(GL), take in Zhong-jing Zhang’s Treatise on Exogenous of Febrile Diseases, composed of Cinnamomum cassia Presl(Guizhi), Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch.(Gancao), Fossil fragments(Longgu) and Oyster shell(Muli), is a traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) formula and is widely used as a clinically medication formula for its efficiency in improving sleep. But the underlying mechanisms by which it exerts therapeutic function have not been thoroughly studied. Cellular damage induced by free-radicals like reactive oxygen species has been implicated in several diseases. Hence naturally anti-oxidant play a vital role in combating these conditions. In this study, The effects of GL on free radical scavenging and anti-oxidative capacity is investigated. By free radical scavenging assays, the IC50 values of GL were 46.03±1.26, 51.45±0.74 μg/ml with DPPH, ABTS assay respectively, and 0.611 mg ferrous sulfate/1 mg GL with FRAP assay. These results indicated that the antioxidant properties of GL hold great potential used as an alternative to more toxic synthetic anti-oxidants as an additive in food, cosmetic and pharmaceutical preparations for the oxidative diseases treatment.
KEYWORDS: Decision support systems, In vitro testing, Animal model studies, Life sciences, Inflammation, Colon, Absorbance, Statistical analysis, Sodium, Water
To explore the effect of Coptis chinensis-Scutellaria baicalensis on ulcerative colitis in mice and its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects in vitro. Sodium dextran sulfate (DSS) was used to induce acute ulcerative colitis in mice, lipopolysaccharide (LPS) was used to induce cell inflammation model, and ABTS and DPPH models were used to evaluate antioxidant capacity. The results showed that the drug had no significant effect on colitis, but cell experiments in vitro showed that the drug had significant anti-inflammatory effect and could scavenge ABTS and DPPH free radicals. Coptis chinensis-scutellaria baicalensis has anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative effects.
To study the preventive and therapeutic effects of Allium Macrostemon Powder (AP) on experimental ulcerative colitis and its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects in vitro. Sodium dextran sulfate (DSS) was used to establish the model of ulcerative colitis in mice. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) was used to induce cell inflammation. The scavenging capacity of AP on ABTS and DPPH free radicals was measured in vitro. The results showed that the drug had no significant effect on colitis, but cell experiments in vitro showed that it had obvious anti-inflammatory effect, and had good scavenging ability on ABTS and DPPH free radicals. AP has anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects.
Vespae nidus has been used in traditional Chinese medicine for thousands of years to treat a variety of diseases, including malignant tumors, rheumatoid arthritis, lung diseases, skin disease, digestive and urinary disorders, and dental diseases. As the same, Epimedii folium used to treat kidney-Yang deficiency,impotence and seminal emission, limp wilting sinews and bones, rheumatic arthralgia, Numbness and paralysis, osteoporosis. Vespae nidus-Epimedii folium formula used to treat chronic arthralgia due to Yang deficiency, and painful joints. But the underlying mechanisms by which it exerts therapeutic function have not been thoroughly studied. Cellular damage induced by free-radicals like reactive oxygen species has been implicated in several diseases. Hence naturally anti-oxidant play a vital role in combating these conditions. In this study, The effects of Vespae Nidus nidus-Epimedii folium formula aqueous extract (VEF) on free radical scavenging and anti-oxidative capacity is investigated. By free radical scavenging assays, the IC50 value of VEF were 71.33, 54.07 μg/mL with DPPH, ABTS assay respectively, and 0.161mg ferrous sulfate/1 mg VEF with FRAP assay. These results indicated that the antioxidant properties of VEF hold great potential used as an alternative to more toxic synthetic anti-oxidants as an additive in food, cosmetic and pharmaceutical preparations for the oxidative diseases treatment.
Mulberry, as medicinal and edible traditional Chinese herb, has many physiological functions. The present study aims to evaluating the antioxidant activity in vitro and immune modulation of mulberry extracts (ME). The antioxidant ability of ME was comprehensively evaluated by different systems, including the scavenging rates of DPPH and ABTS radical. The mice spleen lymphocyte transformation experiment and the mice peritoneal macrophage phagocytosis chicken red blood cells test were used to observe the effects of ME on specific cellular immunity and nonspecific immunity. The results showed that the IC50 of ME on DPPH and ABTS radical were 521.10 and 1049.44 μg/mL, respectively. In addition, ME can promote the proliferation of spleen lymphocytes and strengthen the phagocytic function of monocyte macrophages. Mulberry has antioxidant benefit and immune boosting effect, which provide a reference for more adequate development and utilization of mulberry resources.
As the traditional Chinese medicine, artemisiae argyi folium has various functions such as analgesia, antitumor, and anti-hypertension. To study antioxidant activity of artemisiae argyi folium (AAF) in vitro. The antioxidant activity of AAF was evaluated by ABTS assay, DPPH experiment, OH test and lipid peroxidation. The hydrogen peroxide-induced RAW264.7 cell oxidative damage model was established to assess its antioxidant activity. The results showed that the AAF had strong antioxidant activity and the IC50 on ABTS radicals, DPPH radicals and hydroxyl radicals were 80.88, 813.63, 2458.67 and 94.86μg/ml. MTT experiments showed that AAF was not cytotoxic. The quantitative polymerase chain reaction demonstrate the antioxidant activity of AAF. AAF has great potential for development.
Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a chronic and refractory inflammatory disorder of the colon and rectum with increasing morbidity in recent years. Lian-ai jian (LAJ), a Chinese medicinal herb decoction, including two herbs: Coptidis Rhizoma and Artemisiae Argyi Folium. We group them according to the ancient Chinese medical books "Songfengshuoyi", and investigate the anti-inflammatory, antioxidant activity and protective effect on UC of this compound. Dextran sulfate sodium salt (DSS)-induced colitis mice were used to assess its protective effect on UC. We also determined the anti-inflammatory ability of LAJ by measuring the inhibition of IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α expression in LPS stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophages. The inhibition of Nitric oxide (NO) production, iNOS expression in RAW 264.7 macrophages and extracellular NO scavenging ability were used as indicators to evaluate the antioxidant activity of LAJ. The results showed that LAJ had strong anti-inflammatory, antioxidant activity and reduced the disease activity index and colon shortening of mice.
Huzhentongfeng (HZTF) is a compound extract developed by Guangzhou (Jinan) Biomedical Research and Development Center for treating gout. To investigate the antioxidative activity and anti-inflammatory activity of HZTF, the scavenging activity of hydroxyl radical, ferrous ions chelating ability and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) were used as indicators to evaluate the antioxidant activity and the lipopolysaccharide(LPS)-induced RAW264.7 macrophages were used to assess its anti-inflammatory activity. The results showed that HZTF had certain antioxidant activity, the IC50 values of HZTF in hydroxyl radical scavenging activity and ferrous ions chelating ability are 163.83 ± 10.49 and 899.72 ± 20.98 μg/mL, respectively and the FRAP value of HZTF are 8.97 ± 0.63 mol FeSO4/g. Moreover, HZTF significantly reduced IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α, iNOS expression and NO production in LPS-induced RAW264.7 macrophages (P < 0.05), which demonstrate that HZTF have good potential to be developed as antioxidant or anti-inflammatory medicines.
Hepatocarcinoma, a malignant cancer, threaten human life badly. It is a current issue to seek the effective natural remedy from plant to treat cancer due to the resistance of the advanced hepatocarcinoma to chemotherapy. Puerarin (Pue), a major active ingredient in the traditional Chinese medicine Gegen, has a wide range of pharmacological properties and is considered to have anti-hepatocarcinoma effects. However its low oral bioavailability restricts its wide application. In this report, Pue loaded nanoethosomes(Pue-NE) was prepared by high pressure homogenization technique. The in vitro anti-hepatocarcinoma effects of Pue-NE relative to efficacy of bulk Pue were evaluated. The particle size and zeta potential of Pue-NE were 91.8 nm and -6.1 mV, respectively. MTT assay showed that Pue-NE effectively inhibited the proliferation of HepG2 cells, and the corresponding IC50 values of Pue-NE and bulk Pue were 1.77 and 5.73 μg/ml. These results suggest that the delivery of Pue-NE is a promising approach for treating tumors.
Cellular damage induced by free-radicals like reactive oxygen species has been implicated in several diseases. The ROS radicals like alkoxy radical(RO-) and peroxy radical (ROO-) are similar to those that are physiologically active and thus might initiate a cascade of intracellular toxic events leading to DNA damage and cell death. Hence naturally anti-oxidant play a vital role in combating these conditions. In this study, polydatin nanoethosomes (Pol-NE) was prepared by high pressure homogenization technique. The effects of Pol-NE on free radical scavenging and antioxidant was investigated. The particle size and zeta potential of Pol-NE was 96.1±4.5 nm and -17.31±1.67 mV, respectively. By free radical scavenging and antioxidant assays, the IC50 value of Pol-NE were 28.71, 9.83 μg/mL with DPPH, ABTS assay respectively, and 0.143 mg ferrous sulfate/1 mg Pol-NE with FRAP assay. These results indicated that the antioxidant properties of Pol-NE hold great potential used as an alternative to more toxic synthetic anti-oxidants as an additive in food, cosmetic and pharmaceutical preparations for the oxidative diseases treatment.
As the traditional Chinese medicine, artemisiae argyi folium has various functions such as analgesia, antitumor, and anti-hypertension. To study antioxidant activity in vitro and cell-based anti-inflammatory activity of artemisiae argyi folium polysaccharide (AAFP). The antioxidant activity of AAFP was investigated by ABTS+ • clearance rate, DPPH•clearance rate, • OH clearance rate and FRAP assays. The lipopolysaccharide-induced RAW264.7 cell inflammation model was established to assess its anti-inflammatory activity. The results showed that the AAFP had strong antioxidant activity and the IC50 on ABTS radicals, DPPH radicals, hydroxyl radicals, and the ferric reducing antioxidant power were 74.41, 268.5, 350.2μg/ml and the FRAP value was 163.5μg/ml. MTT experiments showed IC50 of AAFP was 441.5μg/ml. The quantitative polymerase chain reaction demonstrate the pro-inflammatory activity of AAFP. Immunological assay showed that AAFP significantly promoted lymphocyte proliferation. AAFP have huge potential to be developed as functional foods and medicines.
To give some foundation for quality standards of the aloe extracts, by studying the contents of the aloin in aloe extracts and evaluating scientifically the quality of the aloe extracts from different companies. The chromatographic separation was performed on a SunFire C18 column (250mm×4.6mm, 5 μm). The mobile phase comprised acetonitrile-water (25:75, V/V,) at a flow rate of 1.0 mL/min. The detection wavelength was set at 355nm. There was a great difference in the aloe extracts from different companies. There was a good linear relationship between peak area and the injection volume over the range of 2.5-20μL (R2 = 0.9992). The average spike recovery of the aloin was 99.62%, With a RSD of 1.20%(n=6). The contents of aloe extracts from different companies were 90.64-263.11mg/g. This method is simple, fast and the result is accurate and reliable and can be used for the determination of the aloin in aloe extracts.
KEYWORDS: Inflammation, Defense and security, Tissues, In vitro testing, In vivo imaging, Cancer, Particles, Medicine, Homogenization, Resistance, Therapeutic agents, Absorption, Life sciences, Tumors
Hepatocarcinoma, a malignant cancer, threaten human life badly. It is a current issue to seek the effective natural remedy from plant to treat cancer due to the resistance of the advanced hepatocarcinoma to chemotherapy. Puerarin (Pue), a major active ingredient in the traditional Chinese medicine Gegen, has a wide range of pharmacological properties and is considered to have anti-hepatocarcinoma effects. However its low oral bioavailability restricts its wide application. In this report, Pue nanosuspension (Pue-NS) composed of Pue and poloxamer 188 was prepared by high pressure homogenization technique. The in vitro anti-hepatocarcinoma effects of Pue-NS relative to efficacy of bulk Pue were evaluated. The particle size and zeta potential of Pue-NS were 218.5 nm and −18.8 mV, respectively. MTT assay showed that Pue-NS effectively inhibited the proliferation of HepG2 cells, and the corresponding IC50 values of Pue-NS and bulk Pue were 3.39 and 5.73 μg/ml. These results suggest that the delivery of Pue-NS is a promising approach for treating tumors.
Hepatocarcinoma, a malignant cancer, threaten human life badly. It is a current issue to seek the effective natural remedy from plant to treat cancer due to the resistance of the advanced hepatocarcinoma to chemotherapy. Resveratrol (Res) has been widely investigated with its strong anti-tumor activity. However, its low oral bioavailability restricts its wide application. In this study, we prepared resveratrol nanoethosomes (ResN) via ethanol injection method. The in vitro anti-hepatocarcinoma effects of ResN relative to efficacy of bulk Res were evaluated on proliferation and apoptosis of human HepG2 cells. ResN were spherical vesicles and its particle diameter, zeta potential were (115.8 ± 1.3) nm and (-12.8 ± 1.9) mV, respectively. ResN exhibited significant inhibitory effects against human HepG2 cells by MTT assay, and the IC50 value was 49.2 μg/ml (105.4 μg/ml of Res bulk solution). By flow cytometry assay, there was an increase in G2/M phase cells treated with ResN. The results demonstrated ResN could effectively block the G2/M phase of HepG2 cells, which can also enhance the inhibitory effect of Res against HepG2 cells.
Hepatocarcinoma and esophageal squamous cell carcinomas threaten human life badly. It is a current issue to seek the effective natural remedy from plant to treat cancer due to the resistance of the advanced hepatocarcinoma and esophageal carcinoma to chemotherapy. Berberine (Ber), an isoquinoline derivative alkaloid, has a wide range of pharmacological properties and is considered to have anti-hepatocarcinoma and antiesophageal carcinoma effects. However its low oral bioavailability restricts its wide application. In this report, Ber loaded nanostructured lipid carriers (Ber-NLC) was prepared by hot melting and then high pressure homogenization technique. The in vitro anti-hepatocarcinoma and antiesophageal carcinoma effects of Ber-NLC relative to efficacy of bulk Ber were evaluated. The particle size and zeta potential of Ber-NLC were 189.3 ± 3.7 nm and −19.3 ± 1.4 mV, respectively. MTT assay showed that Ber-NLC effectively inhibited the proliferation of human HepG2 and Huh7 and EC9706 cells, and the corresponding IC50 value was 9.1 μg/ml, 4.4 μg/ml, and 6.3 μg/ml (18.3μg/ml, 6.5μg/ml, and 12.4μg/ml μg/ml of bulk Ber solution), respectively. These results suggest that the delivery of Ber-NLC is a promising approach for treating tumors.
Cellular damage induced by free-radicals like reactive oxygen species has been implicated in several diseases. 2, 2-azobis(2-amidino-propane) dihydrochloride(AAPH) generates two potent ROS capable of inducing lipid peroxidation: alkoxy radical(RO-) and peroxy radical (ROO-). These radicals are similar to those that are physiologically active and thus might initiate a cascade of intracellular toxic events leading to oxidation, lipid peroxidation, DNA damage and subsequent cell death. Hence naturally anti-oxidant play a vital role in combating these conditions. In this study, polydatin loaded nanostructured lipid carriers (Pol-NLC) was prepared by hot melting and then high pressure homogenization technique. The effects of Pol-NLC on free radical scavenging and anti-oxidative capacity is investigated. The particle size and zeta potential of Pol-NLC were 113.9 ± 1.1 nm and −16.3 1 ± 0.27 mV, respectively. By free radical scavenging assays, the IC50 value of Pol-NLC were 28.71, 9.83 μg/mL with DPPH, ABTS assay respectively, and 0.143 mg ferrous sulfate/1 mg Pol-NLC with FRAP assay. These results indicated that the antioxidant properties of Pol-NLC hold great potential used as an alternative to more toxic synthetic anti-oxidants as an additive in food, cosmetic and pharmaceutical preparations for the oxidative diseases treatment.
Hepatocarcinoma and esophageal squamous cell carcinomas threaten human life badly. It is a current issue to seek the effective natural remedy from plant to treat cancer due to the resistance of the advanced hepatocarcinoma and esophageal carcinoma to chemotherapy. Berberine (Ber), an isoquinoline derivative alkaloid, has a wide range of pharmacological properties and is considered to have anti-hepatocarcinoma and antiesophageal carcinoma effects. However its low oral bioavailability restricts its wide application. In this report, Ber loaded solid lipid nanoparticles (Ber-SLN) was prepared by hot melting and then high pressure homogenization technique. The in vitro anti-hepatocarcinoma and antiesophageal carcinoma effects of Ber-SLN relative to efficacy of bulk Ber were evaluated. The particle size and zeta potential of Ber-SLN were 154.3 ± 4.1 nm and −11.7 ± 1.8 mV, respectively. MTT assay showed that Ber-SLN effectively inhibited the proliferation of human HepG2 and Huh7 and EC9706 cells, and the corresponding IC50 value was 10.6 μg/ml, 5.1 μg/ml, and 7.3 μg/ml (18.3μg/ml, 6.5μg/ml, and 12.4μg/ml μg/ml of bulk Ber solution), respectively. These results suggest that the delivery of Ber-SLN is a promising approach for treating tumors.
Cellular damage induced by free-radicals like reactive oxygen species has been implicated in several diseases. 2, 2-azobis(2-amidino-propane) dihydrochloride(AAPH) generates two potent ROS capable of inducing lipid peroxidation: alkoxy radical(RO-) and peroxy radical(ROO-). These radicals are similar to those that are physiologically active and thus might initiate a cascade of intracellular toxic events leading to oxidation, lipid peroxidation, DNA damage and subsequent cell death. Hence naturally anti-oxidant play a vital role in combating these conditions. In this study, resveratrol loaded nanostructured lipid carriers (Res-NLC) was prepared by hot melting and then high pressure homogenization technique. The effects of Res-NLC on free radical scavenging capacity and antioxidative damage is investigated. The particle size and zeta potential of Res-NLC were 139.3 ± 1.7 nm and −11.21 ± 0.41 mV, respectively. By free radical scavenging assays, the IC50 value of Res-NLC were 19.25, 5.29 μg/mL with DPPH, ABTS assay respectively, and 0.161 mg ferrous sulfate/1 mg Res-NLC with FRAP assay; and by AAPH-induced oxidative injury cell model assay, Res-NLC showed the strong protective effect against the human liver tumor HepG2 cell oxidative stress damage. These results indicated that the antioxidant properties of Res-NLC hold great potential used as an alternative to more toxic synthetic antioxidants as an additive in food, cosmetic and pharmaceutical preparations for the oxidative diseases treatment.
Hepatocarcinoma, a malignant cancer, threaten human life badly. It is a current issue to seek the effective natural remedy from plant to treat cancer due to the resistance of the advanced hepatocarcinoma to chemotherapy. Berberine (Ber), an isoquinoline derivative alkaloid, has a wide range of pharmacological properties and is considered to have anti-hepatocarcinoma effects. However its low oral bioavailability restricts its wide application. In this report, Ber loaded nanostructured lipid carriers (Ber-NLC) was prepared by hot melting and then high pressure homogenization technique. Both in vitro and in vivo anti-hepatocarcinoma effects of Ber-NLC relative to efficacy of bulk Ber were evaluated. The particle size and zeta potential of Ber-NLC were 189.3 nm and −19.3 mV, respectively. MTT assay showed that Ber-NLC effectively inhibited the proliferation of H22 cells, and the corresponding IC50 values were 6.3 μg/ml (22.1 μg/ml of bulk Ber). In vivo studies also showed higher antitumor efficacy, and inhibition rates was 68.3 % (41.4 % of bulk Ber) at 100 mg/kg intragastric administration in the H22 solid tumor bearing mice. These results suggest that the delivery of Ber-NLC is a promising approach for treating tumors.
Hepatocarcinoma, a malignant cancer, threaten human life badly. It is a current issue to seek the effective natural remedy from plant to treat cancer due to the resistance of the advanced hepatocarcinoma to chemotherapy. Berberine (Ber), an isoquinoline derivative alkaloid, has a wide range of pharmacological properties and is considered to have anti-hepatocarcinoma effects. However its low oral bioavailability restricts its wide application. In this report, Ber nanosuspension (Ber-NS) composed of Ber and D-α-tocopheryl polyethylene glycol 1000 succinate (TPGS) was prepared by high pressure homogenization technique. Both in vitro and in vivo anti-hepatocarcinoma effects of Ber-NS relative to effcacy of bulk Ber were evaluated. The particle size and zeta potential of Ber-NS were 73.1 ± 3.7 nm and 6.99 ± 0.17 mV, respectively. Ber-NS exhibited significant inhibitory effects against human HepG2 and Huh7 cells, and the corresponding IC50 values were 8.1 and 4.7 μg/ml (18.3 and 6.5 μg/ml of Ber solution). In vivo studies also showed higher antitumor efficacy, and inhibition rates was 63.7% (41.4 % of Ber solution) at 100 mg/kg intragastric administration in the H22 solid tumor bearing mice. These results suggest that the delivery of Ber as a nanosuspension is a promising approach for treating hepatocarcinoma.
Hepatocarcinoma, a malignant cancer, threaten human life badly. It is a current issue to seek the effective natural remedy from plant to treat cancer due to the resistence of the advanced hepatocarcinoma to chemotherapy. In this report, we assessed the antitumor activity of a prunellae spica aqueous extract (PSE) in vitro and in vivo. PSE was quantified by HPLC and UV. MTT assay showed that PSE did not effectively inhibit the growth of H22 cells. The in vivo anti-tumor activity was assessed by using the mice bearing H22 tumor. In vivo studies showed the higher antitumor efficacy of PSE without significant side effect assessed by the reduced tumor weight, and the extended survival time of the mice bearing H22 solid and ascites tumor. Collectively, PSE is a promising Chinese medicinal herb for treating hepatocarcinoma.
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