Analysis Of Valence-Electron Structures Of Y3Al5O12 (YAG) and Al2O3, Cr2O2 (Ruby)â€"Study Of Certain Properties Of These Laser Materials Related To Their Valence-Electron Structures

S. H. Yu; L. H. Yu

doi:10.1117/12.933591

31 March 1983 Analysis Of Valence-Electron Structures Of Y₃Aℓ5O12 (YAG) and Aℓ₂O₃, Cr₂O₂ (Ruby) - Study Of Certain Properties Of These Laser Materials Related To Their Valence-Electron Structures

S. H. Yu, L. H. Yu

Author Affiliations +

Proceedings Volume 0335, Advanced Laser Technology and Applications; (1983) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.933591
Event: 1982 Technical Symposium East, 1982, Arlington, United States

Abstract

A direct method of determination of the valence-electron structure from its crystal structure has been presented by the writer at XIIth International Congress of Crystallography, at Ottawa, 1981. Here the method is applied to determine the valence-electron struc-tures of Y₃Aℓ₅0₁₂ (YAG) and Ak₂0₃, Cr203 (ruby) to see how certain properties of these laser materials are related to their valence-electron structures. The first point observed is the very strong, continuous, but zig-zag three-dimensional fractional covalent M-0 bond nets (M = Ak or Cr) being connected with the high melting points, the great resistance against the puncture by the strong laser beam. In the case of Nd-YAG, the distortion caused by the replacement of the Y atoms by almost the same size Nd atoms is small. On the other hand, because of the similarity of the valence-electron structures of oc-AZ203 and Cr203, the replacement of Ak atoms by the little larger size Cr atoms in small amount is easily understood. The large atomic spins of magnetic moment mg = 2.76 μb (= experiment value, the theoretical mB = 2.702 μg) of Cr atoms pointing paralell to the c axis of the hexagonal lattice, is found to be due to the direction of the spin situated in the space of lowest density space of the valence-electron cloud distribution. This agrees with the result of a-Fe disclosed in the paper "Electron theory of the magnetic moment structures of a-Fe, 6-Co, Ni from neutron diffraction experiments" presented at the Symposium on Neutron Scattering, Argonne National Laboratory, 1981. This will be found also true in many other oxides like a-Fe₂O₃, FeTiO₃, MnTiO₃ and so on.'

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S. H. Yu and L. H. Yu "Analysis Of Valence-Electron Structures Of Y₃Aℓ5O12 (YAG) and Aℓ₂O₃, Cr₂O₂ (Ruby) - Study Of Certain Properties Of These Laser Materials Related To Their Valence-Electron Structures", Proc. SPIE 0335, Advanced Laser Technology and Applications, (31 March 1983); https://doi.org/10.1117/12.933591

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Chromium

Chemical species

Magnetism

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Laser applications

Neodymium

Oxygen

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