2.1.

New phenomena: Fringes of interference patterns are formed independently and partially¹

Experiment-1: In the classical double slit experiment, we add blockers, shields and conductive metal tube to show the particle nature of the light in the wave experiments (Figure 1).

Figure 1

Classical double slit experiment with blockers, shields and conductive tube: the light is photons

Figure 1(a) shows that the portions of the zeroth-order fringe are formed on screen and blocker-11 respectively, which indicates that the fringe can be formed partially. The m = +1 fringe and m = -1 fringe are formed on blocker-11 and blocker-12, respectively, i.e., formed independently. Figure 1(a) would be expected only if the light behaves as photons. Figure 1(b) and 1(c) show that the shields do not affect the patterns, which indicates that the light does not behave as optical waves. Figure 1(d) show that the conductive tube does not affect the patterns, which indicates that the light does not behave as EM waves.

2.2.

New phenomena: Photon chamber: light is photons near screen² and near diaphragm of double slit³

Experiment-2: we introduce Photon Chamber that is a transparent container filled with a mix of water and fine powder.

We divide the space between the screen and the diaphragm of the double slit into three Zones. The photon chamber is moved in three Zones. Figure 2 shows the following: In Zone-1, Zone-2 and Zone-3, the patterns are Particle pattern, Transition pattern and Interference pattern, respectively. Particle pattern and Transition pattern are non-interference patterns. Particle pattern contains two photon tracks shown in the photon chamber-1, which indicates that up to certain macroscopic distance, the light propagates as photons along the straight-line trajectories, but the trajectories do not distribute as waves. While in Zone-3 the photon tracks show that the light is photons, and the photon tracks distribute as wave. On the screen, we observe the standard interference pattern, which indicates that the light distributes as waves.

Figure 2

Experiments with Photon Chamber: Particle pattern, Transition pattern and Interference pattern

2.3.

New phenomena: Non-interference Particle patterns in Zone-1 evolving to Interference patterns in Zone-3

For studying the evolution, especially in Zone-2, photon chamber is not suitable. So, we utilize the lens for the first time.

2.3.2.

Non-interference patterns evolving to Interference patterns

Based on Postulates, we utilize a convex lens in three Zones to study the evolution of the patterns.

Experiment-3: Evolution of pattern of double slit: patterns are distance dependent

Figure 3

Evolution of patterns of double slit experiment

Experiment-4: Evolution of pattern of cross double slit: patterns are distance dependent

Figure 4

Evolution of patterns of cross double slit experiment

Experiment-5 (Figure 5): Evolution of pattern of disc ring: patterns are distance dependent

Figure 5

Evolution of patterns of disc ring experiment

Experiment-6 (Figure 6): Evolution of patten of 1D grating:

Figure 6

Evolution of patterns of 1D grating experiment

Experiment-7 (Figure 7): Evolution of pattern of 2D grating:

Figure 7

Evolution of patterns of 2D grating experiment

Experiment-3 to -7 show the universal phenomena that in classical wave experiments, Particle patterns evolve to Transition patterns, both are non-interference patterns, and finally evolve to orthogonal interference patterns.

2.4.

New phenomena: Co-existence of Non-interference patterns and Interference patterns

Experiment-8 (Figure 8): placing Lens-1, lens-2 and lens-3 in Zone-1/path-1, Zone-2/path-2, and Zone-3/path-3, respectively.

Figure 8

Particle pattern, Transition pattern and Interference pattern

Experiment-8 shows that Particle pattern, Transition pattern (both are the non-interference patterns), and Interference pattern are simultaneously observed at D-1, D-2 and D-3, respectively. Namely, the particle nature and wave distribution of the light coexist in the same double slit experiment, which indicates that the pattern is formed independently.

2.5.

New phenomena: the light is not Electromagnetic (EM) waves

Experiment-9 (Figure 9): utilizing the conductive metal-tube to test whether the light is EM waves.

Figure 9

Classical wave experiments with lens, blocker, shield and conductive metal tube

Figure 9 shows that the shield and metal tube do not affect the patterns, which indicates that the light is neither optical wave nor EM waves.

2.6.

Focal point of convex lens in wave experiments⁵

We have shown the interference patterns in Zone-3. Now let us place the lens in Zone-3.

Experiment-10 (Figure 10): Placing the lens in Zone-3. Using 100x300 mm photon chamber.

Figure 10

Light beams (Interference pattern) brought to focus by convex lens

Figure 10 shows the focal point in the photon chamber that obeys the geometrical theory of thin lens theory. The pattern at the focal point is neither non-interference pattern nor interference pattern, but is a cross point of photons trajectories.