A phenomenon known as thermal acoustical oscillation, which can be very troublesome and difficult to eliminate, occurs in cryogenic systems when a tube closed on one end is inserted into a cryogenic container. This oscillation can cause an increase in the conduction heat transfer in the tube by several orders of magnitude. A design approach is presented for the elimination of thermal acoustical oscillation based upon the Roth theory. Techniques that have been found useful in improving stability include: Helmholtz resonator, perforated fill line, heat sinking of vent tube, connecting vent and fill lines, and low pressure check valve.
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