Unipolar-stroke, electroosmotic-pump carbon nanotube yarn muscles

Ray H. Baughman; Hetao Chu; Zhong Wang; Jiuke Mu; Na Li; Xiaoshuang Zhou; Shaoli Fang; Carter S. Haines; Jong W. Park; Si Qin; Ningyi Yuan; Jiang Xu; Sameh Tawfick; Hyungjun Kim; Patrick Conlin; Maenghyo Cho; Kyeongjae Cho; Jiyoung Oh; Steven Nielson; Kelvin Alberto; Joselito M. Razal; Javad Foroughi; Geoffrey M. Spinks; Seon Jeong Kim; Jianning Ding; Jinsong Leng

doi:10.1117/12.2612716

18 April 2022 Unipolar-stroke, electroosmotic-pump carbon nanotube yarn muscles

Ray H. Baughman, Hetao Chu, Zhong Wang, Jiuke Mu, Na Li, Xiaoshuang Zhou, Shaoli Fang, Carter S. Haines, Jong W. Park, Si Qin, Ningyi Yuan, Jiang Xu, Sameh Tawfick, Hyungjun Kim, Patrick Conlin, Maenghyo Cho, Kyeongjae Cho, Jiyoung Oh, Steven Nielson, Kelvin Alberto, Joselito M. Razal, Javad Foroughi, Geoffrey M. Spinks, Seon Jeong Kim, Jianning Ding, Jinsong Leng

Author Affiliations +

Proceedings Volume PC12042, Electroactive Polymer Actuators and Devices (EAPAD) XXIV; PC120420E (2022) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2612716
Event: SPIE Smart Structures + Nondestructive Evaluation, 2022, Long Beach, California, United States

Abstract

Success in making artificial muscles that are faster and more powerful and that provide larger strokes would expand their applications. Electrochemical carbon nanotube yarn muscles are of special interest because of their relatively high energy conversion efficiencies. However, they are bipolar, meaning that they do not monotonically expand or contract over the available potential range. This limits muscle stroke and work capacity. Here, we describe unipolar stroke carbon nanotube yarn muscles in which muscle stroke changes between extreme potentials are additive and muscle stroke substantially increases with increasing potential scan rate. The normal decrease in stroke with increasing scan rate is overwhelmed by a notable increase in effective ion size. Enhanced muscle strokes, contractile work-per-cycle, contractile power densities, and energy conversion efficiencies are obtained for unipolar muscles.

Conference Presentation

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Ray H. Baughman, Hetao Chu, Zhong Wang, Jiuke Mu, Na Li, Xiaoshuang Zhou, Shaoli Fang, Carter S. Haines, Jong W. Park, Si Qin, Ningyi Yuan, Jiang Xu, Sameh Tawfick, Hyungjun Kim, Patrick Conlin, Maenghyo Cho, Kyeongjae Cho, Jiyoung Oh, Steven Nielson, Kelvin Alberto, Joselito M. Razal, Javad Foroughi, Geoffrey M. Spinks, Seon Jeong Kim, Jianning Ding, and Jinsong Leng "Unipolar-stroke, electroosmotic-pump carbon nanotube yarn muscles", Proc. SPIE PC12042, Electroactive Polymer Actuators and Devices (EAPAD) XXIV, PC120420E (18 April 2022); https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2612716

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