Measurement, modeling, and prediction of temperature rise due to optogenetic brain stimulation

Gonzalo Arias-Gil; Frank W. Ohl; Kentaroh Takagaki; Michael T. Lippert

doi:10.1117/1.NPh.3.4.045007

30 November 2016 Measurement, modeling, and prediction of temperature rise due to optogenetic brain stimulation

Gonzalo Arias-Gil, Frank W. Ohl, Kentaroh Takagaki, Michael T. Lippert

Author Affiliations +

Neurophotonics, Vol. 3, Issue 4, 045007 (November 2016). https://doi.org/10.1117/1.NPh.3.4.045007

Abstract

Optogenetics is one of the most important techniques in neurophysiology, with potential clinical applications. However, the strong light needed may cause harmful temperature rises. So far, there are no methods to reliably estimate brain heating and safe limits in actual optogenetic experiments. We used thermal imaging to directly measure such temperature rises at the surface of live mouse brains during laser illumination with wavelengths and intensities typical for optogenetics. We then modeled the temperature rise with a simple logarithmic model. Our results indicate that previous finite-element models can underestimate temperature increases by an order of magnitude. We validate our empirical model by predicting the temperature rise caused by pulsed stimulation paradigms. These predictions fit closely to the empirical data and constitute a better estimate of real temperature increases. Additionally, we provide a web-based app for easy calculation that can be used as a tool for safe design of optogenetic experiments.

CC BY: © The Authors. Published by SPIE under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported License. Distribution or reproduction of this work in whole or in part requires full attribution of the original publication, including its DOI.

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Gonzalo Arias-Gil, Frank W. Ohl, Kentaroh Takagaki, and Michael T. Lippert "Measurement, modeling, and prediction of temperature rise due to optogenetic brain stimulation," Neurophotonics 3(4), 045007 (30 November 2016). https://doi.org/10.1117/1.NPh.3.4.045007

Published: 30 November 2016

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KEYWORDS

Brain

Temperature metrology

Optogenetics

Thermal modeling

Tissues

Animal model studies

Data modeling

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