In our theoretical research, we investigated how the interaction of graphene with a bi-circular laser field modifies the electronic band structure near the Dirac points. The Dirac-Weyl-Majorana equation, solved using the Floquet theory and the Fourier decomposition, was used to determine the currents induced in graphene. The results show the presence of characteristic current structures with non-zero topological charges, which in turn lead to the generation of high-order harmonics with specific polarization and topological properties.
Ionization of positive ions by relativistically-intense short laser pulses is analyzed in the framework of relativistic strong-field theory. We observe the appearance of broad interference-free patterns in the high-energy portion of the photoelectron spectra, which extend over hundreds of driving photon energies. These structures can be controlled by changing parameters of the driving laser field. As we also demonstrate, the electrons comprising these broad structures can form pulses of attosecond duration. While we present the fully numerical results for laser field intensities below 1020W=cm2, we also introduce the saddle point approximation to treat photoionization at larger intensities. In addition, the conditions enabling generation of ultrashort electron pulses are studied.
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