This paper presents the optimization of novel material stacks and functions targeting solid-state phase-front shaping in NIR for sensing (LiDAR, imaging, spectroscopy).
We report on direct time-of-flight and frequency modulated continuous wave detection and ranging (LiDAR) implementing 2D scanners with on-chip optical calibration using Si-based photon-assisted tunneling diodes at 1.55µm. We finally introduce developments towards multi-beam scanning with low divergence, low power phase shifting and advanced light source integration through PIC hybridization with gain media, all key developments for LiDAR and alternative emerging applications, e.g. line-of-sight optical telecom, deep tissue imaging and gas sensing.
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