High-resolution telescopic imaging is very important in astronomy. Super-resolution technology which breaks the diffraction limit of the imaging system can enhance the spatial resolution with compact setup and low cost. In this work, a novel super-resolution telescopic imaging method based on aperture modulation is proposed, and two different algorithms based on intensity extrapolation and image reconstruction for the recovery of super-resolution image are demonstrated respectively. With the help of aperture modulation, redundant information which contains high frequency components beyond the cut-off frequency of the imaging system is coded into the image sequence, and then they are extracted and used to reconstruct the super-resolution image by subsequent signal processing. Experimental results showed that the resolution was enhanced by 2.1 times for extended targets, and 3 times for point sources. Better performance is possible with the improvement of algorithm.
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