This paper reports an ameliorative technique for distributed fiber optics sensing based on Brillouin optical
time-domain reflectometry (BOTDR) and Brillouin optical-fiber time-domain analysis (BOTDA). Because the
electro-optic modulator in BOTDR system has a finite extinction ratio, the pulsed laser always contains a CW
component, which is hereafter called leakage. The frequency of the leakage is pv which is the same as that of the pulse,
and the frequency of the Stokes wave is sv. The frequency of the acoustic wave bv at each point along the fiber
matches the beat frequency of the leakage and the Stokes wave. As a result, when given an appropriate extinction ratio,
the leakage will have a biggish effect on the Stokes wave, which is the same as the function between the continuous
wave and the Stokes in BOTDA system. The Stokes component in spontaneous Brillouin scattering (SPBS) is amplified
by the leakage along the distance when it backs to the laser end, which is the well known stimulated Brillouin scattering
(SBS) phenomena. So long as the distance from the point where the SPBS engender to the laser end is long, the intensity
of the SBS signal is relatively large owing to the longer amplified interval. In BOTDR system, when setting the
extinction ratio at 20dB, using the SBS signal we can achieve a SNR which is approximately 5 dB greater than that of
traditional system and the dynamic range performance 3 dB greater. Utilizing this new technique in BOTDR system it
also has an ascendency compared with BOTDA system in respect that it access to only one end of the fiber with probe
pulse light.
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