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Xingyu Bao

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Proceedings Article | 29 December 2023 Paper

Development of Wolter-I x-ray focusing mirrors measurement device

Qiuyan Liao, Jiadai Xue, Fei Ding, Xingyu Bao, Kaiji Wu, Dongyun Gu, Zhichao Zhang, Zhigao Chen, Duo Li, Wang Bo, Yanji Yang, Yong Chen

Proceedings Volume 12976, 129760P (2023) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.3008300

KEYWORDS: X-rays, Deformation, Measurement devices, Mirror surfaces

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EP satellite is a scientific exploration satellite for time-domain astronomy and high-energy astrophysics, its function is to carry out high-energy transitory celestial body survey with the highest sensitivity in the soft x-ray band. EP will be equipped with two groups of x-rays focusing mirrors (each group contains 54 Wolter-I mirrors). An x-ray focusing mirror is used to collect x-ray radiation in the universe, and is the core component of an x-ray astronomical satellite observation payload. The current x-ray focusing mirrors are derived from the Wolter-I reflector, and the light is focused through the inner surface. The inner reflection surface is an optical free-form surface connected by parabolic and hyperbolic surfaces. Many conventional measurement methods are not applicable and difficult to measure. High precision contact measurement is easy to scratch the mirror surface, Therefore, non-contact measurement must be used. In this paper, we develop two non-contact surface precision measurement devices are developed to solve the problem of difficult measurement of the inner reflection surface of the x-ray focusing mirror. One is a rapid measurement device based on the principle of optical star measurement method, The other is to measure the mirror inner surface by a single point scan measurement, the optical triangulation method is selected as the principle of the measurement device. We then verified the measurement accuracy of the mirrors with a precision visible light test system. In order to further verify the measurement accuracy of the focusing mirrors, x-ray testing of the focusing mirror was carried out at the 100-meter vacuum x-ray calibration facility of the Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences. The x-ray measurement results are better than the project index requirements.

Proceedings Article | 29 December 2023 Paper

Diamond turning and full-frequency band error measurement methods for x-ray focusing mirror molds

Kaiji Wu, Xingyu Bao, Fei Ding, Zheng Qiao, Zhigao Chen, Duo Li, Yutao Liu, Jiadai Xue, Wei Wang, Yanting Li, Jinliang Wang, Qiuyan Liao, Yuan Jin, Yangong Wu, Niandong Zhang, Peng Ji, Guo Li, Yuhao Li, Wensong Chai, Yanji Yang, Bo Wang

Proceedings Volume 12976, 129760E (2023) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.3004925

Read Abstract +

Temporary sources and explosive celestial bodies in the universe can only be observed through their high-energy radiation, for example X-rays. The multilayer nested Wolter-I type focusing mirror is widely used in X-ray astronomical telescopes. The electroforming replication process can achieve batch high-precision production of Wolter-I type focusing mirrors, with the process flow of mold ultra-precision turning, ultra-smooth, coating, electroforming, and demolding. The fabrication of molds accounts for a large proportion in the process, and the molds accuracy and surface quality directly determine the optical performance of the mirrors. We built the DRL2000 ultra-precision lathe for mold turning of mission EP (Einstein Probe) and eXTP (enhanced X-ray Timing and Polarimetry mission). The swing straightness error of the guide rail was separated and compensated through trial cutting and reverse measurement methods to achieve a turning generatrix accuracy of peak-to-valley (PV)<0.2μm. An in-situ measurement device has been built based on the ultra-precision lathe. After adjustment the system measurement error can be controlled within 0.1μm. The corresponding spiral measurement path and coaxiality error separation method were studied and verified through experiments. An offline measurement device was built and based on it, an optical lever measurement method was preliminarily validated. Finally, a division method of medium-low frequency error and medium-high frequency error was proposed.

Proceedings Article | 29 December 2023 Paper

Development of Wolter-I x-ray focusing mirrors measurement device

Qiuyan Liao, Jiadai Xue, Fei Ding, Xingyu Bao, Kaiji Wu, Dongyun Gu, Zhichao Zhang, Zhigao Chen, Duo Li, Bo Wang, Yanji Yang, Yong Chen

Proceedings Volume 12976, 129761Y (2023) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.3009598

KEYWORDS: Deformation, Measurement devices, Mirror surfaces, Optical testing

Read Abstract +

EP satellite is a scientific exploration satellite for time-domain astronomy and high-energy astrophysics, its function is to carry out high-energy transitory celestial body survey with the highest sensitivity in the soft X-ray band. EP will be equipped with two groups of x-rays focusing mirrors (each group contains 54 Wolter-I mirrors). An X-ray focusing mirror is used to collect X-ray radiation in the universe, and is the core component of an X-ray astronomical satellite observation payload. The current X-ray focusing mirrors are derived from the Wolter-I reflector, and the light is focused through the inner surface. The inner reflection surface is an optical free-form surface connected by parabolic and hyperbolic surfaces. Many conventional measurement methods are not applicable and difficult to measure. High precision contact measurement is easy to scratch the mirror surface, Therefore, noncontact measurement must be used. In this paper, we develop two non-contact surface precision measurement devices are developed to solve the problem of difficult measurement of the inner reflection surface of the X-ray focusing mirror. One is a rapid measurement device based on the principle of optical star measurement method, The other is to measure the mirror inner surface by a single point scan measurement, the optical triangulation method is selected as the principle of the measurement device. We then verified the measurement accuracy of the mirrors with a precision visible light test system. In order to further verify the measurement accuracy of the focusing mirrors, X-ray testing of the focusing mirror was carried out at the 100-meter vacuum X-ray calibration facility of the Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences. The X-ray measurement results are better than the project index requirements.

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