Dr. Ali M. Khounsary Profile

Dr. Ali M. Khounsary

Associate Editor at Illinois Institute of Technology

SPIE Involvement:

Conference Chair | Conference Program Committee | Track Chair | Author | Editor

Area of Expertise:

X-ray optics , X-ray technology , Optical Engineering , Thermal management , Business / product development , Consultant

Websites:

Company Website

Publications (65)

Proceedings Article | 24 October 2024 Paper

Three-dimensional hard x-ray micro-tomographic imaging of the human palatal anatomy and gracilis muscle

Daphne Schönegg, Hans Deyhle, Georg Schulz, Christine Tanner, Sharif Ahmed, Robert Atwood, Andreas Mueller, Magdalena Müller-Gerbl, Szilvia Mezey, Richard Lieber, Ali Khounsary, Bert Müller

Proceedings Volume 13152, 1315229 (2024) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.3035601

KEYWORDS: Muscles, Anatomy, Head, Visualization, Tissues, Image segmentation, Biological imaging, Computed tomography, Synchrotron radiation imaging

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Palatoplasty in infants with cleft palate aims to reconstruct the intricate three-dimensional anatomy and restore the velopharyngeal function, which is essential for swallowing, speech, and ventilation of the middle ear through the opening of the Eustachian tube. The non-destructive analysis of the microarchitecture around the pterygoid hamulus using hard x-rays should enhance the existing knowledge from dissection and histological studies. Specifically, the micro-anatomical relationship between the palatine aponeurosis, the tendon of the tensor veli palatini muscle, and the pterygoid hamulus must be characterized to understand their structural relationship and functional implications. At the cellular level, the arrangement of fibers within muscle fascicles needs to be clarified. The right half of a historical plastinated infant cadaveric head was examined with two laboratory-based micro computed tomography (μCT) systems: phoenix|xray nanotom^® m for imaging of the entire specimen with a pixel size of 55μm; and Zeiss Xradia 610 Versa for local tomography with a pixel size of 3.4μm. Using synchrotron radiation-based microtomography, additional measurements were performed with a pixel size of 3.24μm. The resulting images were rigidly registered and analyzed. Automated threshold-based segmentation of bones and manual segmentation of muscles, tendons, and aponeurosis, were performed to visualize their topographic relationships in three dimensions. An unstained segment of a human gracilis muscle was examined using the Exciscope Polaris with a pixel size of 0.35μm, and the fiber architecture was visually inspected. Laboratory-based x-ray μCT systems are suitable for virtual-histology examination of soft tissues and visualization of subcellular structures therein. Synchrotron radiation-based μCT with phase retrieval provided additional contrast within the plastinated soft tissues. The findings of this study support the hypothesis that the palatal muscles form a complex muscle sling around the pterygoid hamulus, underscoring the importance of preserving this bony protuberance during cleft palate repair.

Proceedings Article | 1 October 2024 Presentation + Paper

Ultrafast heliostat metrology

Ethan Jenssen, Zachary Dempsey, Ali Khounsary

Proceedings Volume 13132, 131320D (2024) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.3028891

KEYWORDS: Sensors, Metrology, Ultrafast phenomena, Optical alignment, Mirrors, Receivers, Ultrafast measurement systems, Reflection, Laser soldering, Displays

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Proceedings Article | 2 November 2023 Poster + Paper

High-reflectivity x-ray mirror with suppressed absorption edges over a wide energy range

Yujia Ding, Raymond Conley, Carlo Segre, Bing Shi, Jeff Terry, Ali Khounsary

Proceedings Volume PC12694, PC126940A (2023) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2682020

KEYWORDS: Coating, Mirrors, Platinum, Absorption, X-rays, Silicon, Reflection, Aluminum, Rhodium, Multilayers

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Proceedings Article | 8 June 2023 Presentation

Developments in X-ray synchrotron beamlines and optics (Conference Presentation)

Ali Khounsary

Proceedings Volume PC12576, PC1257604 (2023) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2672398

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Proceedings Article | 21 September 2021 Presentation + Paper

Thermal management of LINAC targets

Ted Howell, Christopher Guo, Ali Khounsary

Proceedings Volume 11837, 118370P (2021) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2597284

KEYWORDS: Radiotherapy, Electron beams, X-rays, Tungsten, Copper, Cancer, Thermal effects, Electrons, Oncology, Tissues

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Proceedings Article | 21 September 2021 Paper

Diaboloid mirror for a bending magnet beamline

Yujia Ding, Carlo Segre, Ali Khounsary

Proceedings Volume 11837, 118370A (2021) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2594663

KEYWORDS: Mirrors, Coating, Platinum, Reflectivity, Antimony, Absorption, Optical simulations, Silicon, Rhodium, Monochromators

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Proceedings Article | 4 September 2020 Presentation + Paper

Focusing options for a bending magnet beamline

Yujia Ding, Carlo Segre, Ali Khounsary

Proceedings Volume 11491, 114910E (2020) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2568661

KEYWORDS: Mirrors, Crystals, Monochromators, Optical simulations, Crystal optics, Optical components, Reflectivity, X-rays, Ray tracing

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Proceedings Article | 30 August 2020 Presentation

Workshop on X-Ray Optics

Ali Khounsary

Proceedings Volume 11491, 1149102 (2020) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2581509

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Proceedings Article | 17 September 2018 Paper

A dual-bandwidth multilayer monochromator system

Ali Khounsary, Raymond Conley, Albert Macrander, Reno Waswil, Thomas Irving, Carlo Segre

Proceedings Volume 10760, 107600J (2018) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2324824

KEYWORDS: Multilayers, Reflectivity, Monochromators, Silicon, Optical coatings, X-rays, Crystals, Diffraction

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Proceedings Article | 14 November 2016 Paper

Development of a multilayer monochromator system for the BioCAT beamline

Ali Khounsary, Anoop Chandrashekarappa, Anthony Llodra, Mikhail Antimonov, Carlo Segre, Sudhakar Nair, Thomas Irving

Proceedings Volume 9963, 99630W (2016) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2238929

KEYWORDS: Multilayers, Monochromators, Coating, X-rays, Reflectivity, Crystals, Heat flux, Laser crystals, Mirrors, Error analysis

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Proceedings Article | 15 September 2016 Paper

Studies of single crystal CVD diamonds for potential applications in x-ray crystal optics

Stanislav Stoupin, Sergey Antipov, Sergey Baryshev, Stanislav Baturin, Zunping Liu, Ali Khounsary, Carlo Segre

Proceedings Volume 9963, 99630D (2016) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2238448

KEYWORDS: Crystals, Chemical vapor deposition, Diamond, X-rays, Crystallography, Laser crystals, Photonic crystals, Monochromators, Silicon, Sensors

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Proceedings Article | 24 September 2015 Paper

X-ray tube thermal management

Naresh Nadella, Ali Khounsary

Proceedings Volume 9590, 95900H (2015) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2196264

KEYWORDS: X-rays, X-ray sources, Diamond, Photons, Heat flux, Tungsten, Electrons, Beryllium, Electron beams, Reflectivity

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Proceedings Article | 26 August 2015 Paper

Large-area Kapton x-ray windows

M. Antimonov, A. Khounsary, S. Weigand, J. Rix, D. Keane, J. Grudzinski, A. Johnson, Z. Zhou, W. Jansma

Proceedings Volume 9588, 95880F (2015) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2193680

KEYWORDS: Chromium, X-rays, Temperature metrology, Polymers, Scattering, Data modeling, Finite element methods, Beryllium, 3D modeling, Atmospheric modeling

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Proceedings Article | 3 October 2014 Paper

Saw-tooth refractive lens for high energy x-ray focusing

Mikhail Antimonov, Ali Khounsary

Proceedings Volume 9207, 92070Z (2014) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2063294

KEYWORDS: Prisms, X-rays, Statistical analysis, Silicon, Colorimetry, X-ray optics, Refractive index, Diffraction, Absorption, Alternate lighting of surfaces

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Proceedings Article | 17 September 2014 Paper

Test results for an AOA-Xinetics grazing incidence x-ray deformable mirror

Charles Lillie, Richard Egan, Franklin Landers, Jeffrey Cavaco, Kevin Ezzo, Ali Khounsary

Proceedings Volume 9208, 92080C (2014) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2064770

KEYWORDS: Mirrors, Actuators, X-rays, X-ray telescopes, Grazing incidence, Spatial resolution, X-ray optics, Silicon, Deformable mirrors, Optical testing

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Proceedings Article | 17 September 2014 Paper

Development of single grating x-ray Talbot interferometer as a feedback loop sensor element of an adaptive x-ray mirror system

Shashidhara Marathe, Xianbo Shi, Ali Khounsary, Michael Wojcik, Naresh Kujala, Albert Macrander, Lahsen Assoufid

Proceedings Volume 9208, 92080D (2014) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2062460

KEYWORDS: Mirrors, Actuators, X-rays, Interferometers, Wavefronts, Sensors, Deformable mirrors, X-ray optics, Phase interferometry, X-ray technology

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Proceedings Article | 8 October 2013 Paper

Aberrations in saw-tooth refractive lenses in short focal length x-ray focusing

Mikhail Antimonov, Ali Khounsary, Sarvjit Shastri

Proceedings Volume 8848, 88480A (2013) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2027722

KEYWORDS: Teeth, Prisms, Lenses, X-rays, Silicon, Chemical elements, Commercial off the shelf technology, Collimation, Manufacturing, Alternate lighting of surfaces

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Proceedings Article | 24 October 2012 Paper

Thermo-mechanical properties of silicon, germanium, diamond, beryllium and silicon carbide for high heat load x-ray optics applications

Ali Hedayat, Ali Khounsary, Farzad Mashayek

Proceedings Volume 8502, 85020O (2012) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.929362

KEYWORDS: Silicon, Diamond, Silicon carbide, Crystals, Germanium, Beryllium, X-rays, Temperature metrology, Solids, Chemical vapor deposition

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Proceedings Article | 19 October 2012 Paper

Limitations of liquid nitrogen cooling of high heat load x-ray monochromators

Ali Khounsary, Philip Strons, Naresh Kujala, Albert Macrander

Proceedings Volume 8502, 85020C (2012) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.960243

KEYWORDS: Monochromators, X-rays, Silicon, Liquids, Nitrogen, 3D modeling, Temperature metrology, Synchrotrons, Absorption, Convection

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Proceedings Article | 28 September 2011 Paper

Progress on single crystal beryllium windows

A. Khounsary, B. Lai, A. Rack, S. Goto, O. Chubar, T. Weitkamp

Proceedings Volume 8139, 813914 (2011) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.895391

KEYWORDS: Beryllium, X-rays, Crystals, X-ray imaging, Polishing, Sensors, Coherence (optics), Near field optics, Charge-coupled devices, Laser crystals

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Proceedings Article | 28 September 2011 Paper

Nested KB mirror fabrication for synchrotron hard x-ray nanofocusing

Bing Shi, Wenjun Liu, Jun Qian, Chian Liu, Ruben Khachatryan, Michael Wieczorek, Ali Khounsary, Albert Macrander, Paul Zschack, Jonathan Tischler, Gene Ice, Lahsen Assoufid

Proceedings Volume 8139, 813903 (2011) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.894101

KEYWORDS: Mirrors, Coating, Polishing, Surface finishing, Hard x-rays, X-rays, Synchrotrons, Platinum, Surface roughness, X-ray optics

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Proceedings Article | 6 October 2010 Paper

Beam coherence and x-ray windows

Ali Khounsary, Barry Lai, Jun Qian, Ruben Khachatryan, Jozef Maj, Xianrong Huang

Proceedings Volume 7802, 78020O (2010) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.877449

KEYWORDS: Beryllium, Polishing, X-rays, Crystals, X-ray imaging, Surface finishing, Coherence imaging, Surface roughness, Laser cutting, X-ray diffraction

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Proceedings Article | 27 August 2010 Paper

Platinum Kirkpatrik-Baez mirrors for a hard x-ray microfocusing system made by profile coating

Bing Shi, Chian Liu, Jun Qian, Wenjun Liu, Lahsen Assoufid, Ali Khounsary, Raymond Conley, Albert Macrander

Proceedings Volume 7802, 78020G (2010) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.861044

KEYWORDS: Mirrors, Coating, Platinum, X-ray optics, Silicon, Metrology, Spherical lenses, X-rays, Hard x-rays, Sputter deposition

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Proceedings Article | 4 September 2009 Paper

Nested mirrors for x-rays and neutrons

Gene Ice, Rozaliya Barabash, Ali Khounsary

Proceedings Volume 7448, 74480B (2009) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.831078

KEYWORDS: Mirrors, X-rays, X-ray optics, Diffraction, Geometrical optics, X-ray diffraction, Reflection, Surface finishing, Reflectivity, Polishing

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Proceedings Article | 5 October 2007 Paper

Beam-splitting mirrors for an APS beamline

Ali Khounsary, Ian McNulty

Proceedings Volume 6705, 67050P (2007) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.739860

KEYWORDS: Mirrors, Silicon carbide, Silicon, X-rays, Beam splitters, Heat flux, Chemical vapor deposition, Crystals, Coating, Rhodium

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Proceedings Article | 27 September 2007 Paper

Second metrology round-robin of APS, ESRF and SPring-8 laboratories of elliptical and spherical hard-x-ray mirrors

A. Rommeveaux, L. Assoufid, H. Ohashi, H. Mimura, K. Yamauchi, J. Qian, T. Ishikawa, C. Morawe, A. Macrander, A. Khounsary, S. Goto

Proceedings Volume 6704, 67040B (2007) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.736171

KEYWORDS: Mirrors, Spherical lenses, Metrology, X-rays, Error analysis, Silicon, Silicon carbide, Interferometry, Optical components, Sensors

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Proceedings Article | 13 September 2006 Paper

Beryllium and lithium x-ray lenses at the APS

Ali Khounsary, Eric Dufresne, Kristina Young, Cameron Kewish, Andrew Jansen

Proceedings Volume 6317, 63170Q (2006) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.684350

KEYWORDS: X-rays, Beryllium, Lenses, Lithium, Absorption, Refraction, Photons, Solids, Tolerancing, X-ray technology

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Proceedings Article | 17 September 2005 Paper

Results of x-ray mirror round-robin metrology measurements at the APS, ESRF, and SPring-8 optical metrology laboratories

Lahsen Assoufid, Amparo Rommeveaux, Haruhiko Ohashi, Kazuto Yamauchi, Hidekazu Mimura, Jun Qian, Olivier Hignette, Tetsuya Ishikawa, Christian Morawe, Albert Macrander, Ali Khounsary, Shunji Goto

Proceedings Volume 5921, 59210J (2005) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.623209

KEYWORDS: Mirrors, Silicon, Metrology, Data conversion, Error analysis, Sensors, X-rays, Fourier transforms, Optical metrology, Synchrotron radiation

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Proceedings Article | 4 November 2004 Paper

Extrusion of compound refractive x-ray lenses

Kristina Young, Ali Khounsary

Proceedings Volume 5539, (2004) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.563641

KEYWORDS: Lenses, X-rays, Aluminum, Absorption, Dysprosium, Optical alignment, Collimation, Lens design, X-ray imaging, Image resolution

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Proceedings Article | 3 November 2004 Paper

Design and analysis of a cooled z-shaped germanium x-ray monochromator

Yaming Li, Ali Khounsary, Suresh Narayanan, Albert Macrander, Ruben Khachatryan, Laurence Lurio

Proceedings Volume 5537, (2004) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.564241

KEYWORDS: Monochromators, X-rays, Germanium, Surface finishing, X-ray diffraction, X-ray sources, Polishing, Mirrors, Heat flux, Diffraction

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Proceedings Article | 18 October 2004 Paper

How and why side cooling of high-heat-load optics works

Yaming Li, Ali Khounsary, Sudhakar Nair

Proceedings Volume 5533, (2004) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.561435

KEYWORDS: Mirrors, X-rays, Bismuth, X-ray technology, Alternate lighting of surfaces, Thermography, Heat flux, X-ray lithography, Error analysis, Structural analysis

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Proceedings Article | 18 October 2004 Paper

Effect of silicon anisotropy on mirror substrate design

Yaming Li, Ali Khounsary

Proceedings Volume 5533, (2004) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.561438

KEYWORDS: Crystals, Silicon, Anisotropy, X-ray optics, X-rays, Optical design, Mirrors, X-ray technology, Optical components, Radium

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Proceedings Article | 13 January 2004 Paper

Cooled mirror for a double-undulator beamline

Yaming Li, Ali Khounsary, Jorg Maser, Sudhakar Nair

Proceedings Volume 5193, (2004) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.524908

KEYWORDS: Mirrors, Heat flux, X-rays, Silicon, Reflection, Optical design, Crystals, Rhodium, Platinum, Beryllium

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Proceedings Article | 13 January 2004 Paper

Recoating mirrors having a chromium underlayer

Ali Khounsary, Peter Eng, Lahsen Assoufid, Albert Macrander, Jun Qian

Proceedings Volume 5193, (2004) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.512779

KEYWORDS: Mirrors, Etching, Optical coatings, Chromium, X-rays, Silicon, Zerodur, Glasses, Multilayers, Visualization

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Proceedings Article | 29 December 2003 Paper

At the limit of nondispersive micro- and nanofocusing mirror optics

Gene Ice, Eliot Specht, Jonathan Tischler, Ali Khounsary, Lahsen Assoufid, Chian Liu

Proceedings Volume 5347, (2003) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.533345

KEYWORDS: Mirrors, X-rays, Diffraction, Surface finishing, Hard x-rays, Polishing, Coating, X-ray optics, Particles, X-ray diffraction

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Proceedings Article | 24 December 2002 Paper

Mirrors for nanofocusing x-ray beams

Ali Khounsary, Gene Ice, Peter Eng

Proceedings Volume 4782, (2002) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.455687

KEYWORDS: Mirrors, X-rays, Diffraction, Spherical lenses, Extreme ultraviolet, Extreme ultraviolet lithography, Synchrotrons, Surface finishing, Polishing, EUV optics

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Proceedings Article | 21 November 2002 Paper

Fabrication, testing, and performance of a variable-focus x-ray compound lens

Ali Khounsary, Sarvjit Shastri, A. Mashayekhi, Albert Macrander, Robert Smither, F. Kraft

Proceedings Volume 4783, (2002) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.455689

KEYWORDS: X-rays, Aluminum, Refraction, Absorption, Collimation, Monochromators, X-ray optics, Crystals, Beryllium, Ions

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Proceedings Article | 14 November 2001 Paper

Surface quality of x-ray mirrors evaluated at the advanced photon source

Lahsen Assoufid, Ali Khounsary, Jun Qian, Albert Macrander, Dennis Mills

Proceedings Volume 4501, (2001) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.448498

KEYWORDS: Mirrors, X-rays, Silicon carbide, Glasses, Surface finishing, Surface roughness, Silicon, Metrology, Polishing, Coating

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Proceedings Article | 5 January 2001 Paper

McCarter superfinish grinding for silicon: an update

Frank Anthony, Ali Khounsary, Douglas McCarter, S. Krasnicki, Matt Tangedahl

Proceedings Volume 4145, (2001) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.411655

KEYWORDS: Silicon, Crystals, X-rays, Particles, Wave plates, Surface finishing, Copper, X-ray diffraction, Etching, Diamond wheels

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Proceedings Article | 5 January 2001 Paper

Simple and effective modification of a sagittally focusing x-ray diffraction optic

Gordon Tajiri, Ali Khounsary, Derrick Mancini

Proceedings Volume 4145, (2001) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.411627

KEYWORDS: Distortion, X-ray diffraction, Finite element methods, Computer aided design, X-ray optics, X-rays, Crystals, Chemical elements, Solid modeling, Diffraction

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Proceedings Article | 16 November 1999 Paper

Thermal management of next-generation contact-cooled synchrotron x-ray mirrors

Ali Khounsary

Proceedings Volume 3773, (1999) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.370114

KEYWORDS: Mirrors, X-rays, Synchrotrons, Heat flux, Silicon, Interfaces, Optical components, X-ray optics, Thermography, Safety

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Proceedings Article | 11 December 1998 Paper

Water-cooled crystal and multilayer optics for a wiggler beamline

Karl Smolenski, Randall Headrick, Qun Shen, Brian Carroll, Ali Khounsary, Chian Liu, Albert Macrander

Proceedings Volume 3448, (1998) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.332523

KEYWORDS: Multilayers, Crystals, Silicon, Monochromators, Surface finishing, Polishing, Reflectivity, Distortion, Crystal optics, X-rays

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Proceedings Article | 11 December 1998 Paper

Specular and diffuse x-ray scattering from tungsten/carbon multilayers having a high reflectivity at 10 keV

Albert Macrander, Randall Headrick, Chian Liu, Jenny Erdmann, Ali Khounsary, Karl Smolenski, S. Krasnicki, Jozef Maj

Proceedings Volume 3448, (1998) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.332517

KEYWORDS: Scattering, Multilayers, Interfaces, Reflectivity, Diffraction, X-rays, Scatter measurement, Laser scattering, Correlation function, Crystal optics

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Proceedings Article | 13 November 1998 Paper

Performance of side-cooled high-heat-load mirrors

Ali Khounsary, Wenbing Yun, Ian McNulty, Zhonghou Cai, Barry Lai

Proceedings Volume 3447, (1998) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.331120

KEYWORDS: Mirrors, X-rays, Monochromators, Optical components, Copper, Silicon, Heat flux, Polishing, Synchrotrons, X-ray optics

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Proceedings Article | 11 December 1997 Paper

Advanced Photon Source undulator beamline tests of a contact-cooled silicon u-shaped monochromator

Wah Keat Lee, Patricia Fernandez, Ali Khounsary, Wenbing Yun, Emil Trakhtenberg

Proceedings Volume 3151, (1997) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.294480

KEYWORDS: Crystals, Monochromators, Laser crystals, Silicon, Optical components, Mirrors, Crystallography, Heat flux, Liquid crystals, Cameras

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Proceedings Article | 11 December 1997 Paper

Thermal management of masks for deep x-ray lithography

Ali Khounsary, David Chojnowski, Derrick Mancini, Barry Lai, Roger Dejus

Proceedings Volume 3151, (1997) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.294468

KEYWORDS: Photomasks, Beryllium, X-rays, Silicon, Diamond, Silicon carbide, Distortion, Gold, X-ray lithography, Photoresist materials

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Proceedings Article | 11 December 1997 Paper

Potential of a beryllium x-ray lens

Robert Smither, Ali Khounsary, Shenglan Xu

Proceedings Volume 3151, (1997) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.294474

KEYWORDS: Optical spheres, X-rays, Beryllium, Absorption, Scattering, Refraction, Aluminum, Laser scattering, Spherical lenses, Multi-element lenses

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The use of refractive lenses for focusing x-ray beams has been the subject of publications since the early 1980s. Detailed calculations have been made for different shapes for the refractive lens: cylindrical, spherical, parabolic, and for a Fresnel-type refractive lens. The main drawback to the use of a single refractive lens to focus x-rays is that the index of refraction (n equals 1 - (delta) ) is very close to 1, which results in a lens with a very long focal length. Recently Snigerov and others have suggested and experimentally demonstrated, using cylindrical-shaped lenses, that this problem of long focal lengths can be overcome by using many lenses in series. Each lens refracts the photon through a small angle, but the sum of these sequential changes in direction can be moderately large. This increase in effective refraction angle reduces the focal length of the lens to a few meters or less and makes the multi-element lens a much more useful instrument for focusing x-rays. This paper, annualizes the expected performance of a lens consisting of a series of aligned hollow spheres in a beryllium substrate. The use of hollow spheres rather than hollow cylinders produces focusing of the x rays into a small focal spot in contrast to the single-directional focusing of the hollow cylinders, which produces a line focus. The use of beryllium as the substrate results in lower photo cross sections for both scattering and absorption relative to the value of the refractive index as compared to higher-Z materials and results in higher transmission values than for lenses with thin webs between the lens elements without distorting the surfaces of the neighbor lens element. This plus beryllium's low density, keep the absorption and scattering in the web at a minimum. The calculations suggest that one will be able to make Be lenses with short focal lengths (1 to 2 m) with useable transmissions (10 to 30%). Two multi-element lenses have been constructed: one with 20 1-mm-diameter hollow spheres in an aluminum substrate, and one with 50 hollow spheres, 1 mm in diameter, in a beryllium substrate. Some construction details and calculations of the expected performance, are given for these two multi-element lenses.

Proceedings Article | 11 December 1997 Paper

Prospects for using high-power x rays as a volumetric heat source

Richard Rosenberg, William Farrell, Qing Ma, Derrick Mancini, Ali Khounsary, I. Sheng, E. Crozier, Georg Soerensen, Robert Gordon, De-Tong Jiang

Proceedings Volume 3151, (1997) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.294499

KEYWORDS: X-rays, Aluminum, Heat treatments, Metals, Mirrors, Synchrotron radiation, Composites, Electron beams, Heat flux, X-ray lithography

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Proceedings Article | 11 December 1997 Paper

Thermal contact resistance across a copper-silicon interface

Ali Khounsary, David Chojnowski, Lahsen Assoufid, William Worek

Proceedings Volume 3151, (1997) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.294497

KEYWORDS: Interfaces, Resistance, Silicon, Indium, Copper, Temperature metrology, Silver, Liquids, Heat flux, Mirrors

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Proceedings Article | 22 November 1996 Paper

Monochromators for small cross-section x-ray beams from high heat flux synchrotron sources

Gene Ice, Bernie Riemer, Ali Khounsary

Proceedings Volume 2856, (1996) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.259879

KEYWORDS: Crystals, X-rays, Monochromators, Laser crystals, Silicon, Diffraction, X-ray diffraction, Crystallography, Heat flux, Distortion

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Proceedings Article | 22 November 1996 Paper

Contact-cooled U-monochromators for high-heat-load x-ray beamlines

Ali Khounsary, Wenbing Yun, Emil Trakhtenberg, Shenglan Xu, Lahsen Assoufid, Wah Keat Lee

Proceedings Volume 2856, (1996) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.259880

KEYWORDS: Monochromators, Crystals, Mirrors, X-rays, Silicon, Laser crystals, Heat flux, Copper, Crystallography, Cryogenics

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Proceedings Article | 21 November 1996 Paper

Contact-cooled U monochromators for high heat load x-ray beamlines

Ali Khounsary, Wenbing Yun, Emil Trakhtenberg, Shenglan Xu, Lahsen Assoufid, Wah Keat Lee

Proceedings Volume 2855, (1996) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.259834

KEYWORDS: Monochromators, Crystals, X-rays, Mirrors, Silicon, Heat flux, Laser crystals, Copper, Crystallography, Cryogenics

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Proceedings Article | 21 November 1996 Paper

Design and fabrication of a 1.2-m long internally cooled silicon x-ray mirror for APS

Thomas Tonnessen, Ali Khounsary, Wenbing Yun, Deming Shu

Proceedings Volume 2855, (1996) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.259832

KEYWORDS: Mirrors, Silicon, X-rays, 3D modeling, Heat flux, Surface finishing, Polishing, Glasses, Optical components, Silicon carbide

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Proceedings Article | 21 November 1996 Paper

Monochromators for small-cross-section x-ray beams from high heat flux synchrotron sources

Gene Ice, Bernie Riemer, Ali Khounsary

Proceedings Volume 2855, (1996) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.259833

KEYWORDS: Crystals, X-rays, Monochromators, Laser crystals, Silicon, Diffraction, X-ray diffraction, Crystallography, Heat flux, Distortion

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SPIE Journal Paper | 1 February 1995 Open Access

Guest Editorial: High Heat Flux Optical Engineering

Ali Khounsary

OE, Vol. 34, Issue 02, (February 1995) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.10.1117/12.210192

KEYWORDS: Heat flux, X-rays, Optical engineering, Synchrotrons, Mirrors, X-ray optics, Optical components, Thermography, Monochromators, Optical design

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Proceedings Article | 12 November 1993 Paper

Liquid jet impingement cooling with diamond substrates for extremely high heat flux applications

John Lienhard, Ali Khounsary

Proceedings Volume 1997, (1993) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.163811

KEYWORDS: Heat flux, Diamond, Liquids, Thermal engineering, Resistance, X-rays, Synchrotrons, Atomic force microscopy, Chemical vapor deposition, Crystals

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Proceedings Article | 12 November 1993 Paper

Comparison of technology for high-power laser mirrors and synchrotron radiation mirrors

Harold Bennett, Ali Khounsary

Proceedings Volume 1997, (1993) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.163826

KEYWORDS: Mirrors, X-rays, Distortion, Synchrotrons, Heat flux, Absorption, Grazing incidence, High power lasers, Coating, Metals

Read Abstract +

Proceedings Article | 12 November 1993 Paper

High heat flux mirror design for an undulator beamline

Thomas Tonnessen, Steven Fisher, Frank Anthony, David Lunt, Ali Khounsary, Kevin Randall, Efim Gluskin, Wenbing Yun

Proceedings Volume 1997, (1993) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.163827

KEYWORDS: Mirrors, 3D modeling, Heat flux, Thermal engineering, Distortion, Silicon, Coating, Polishing, Surface finishing, Objectives

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Proceedings Article | 25 February 1993 Paper

Simulated high heat load performance of an inclined crystal monochromator

Albert Macrander, Ali Khounsary, Mark Graham

Proceedings Volume 1739, (1993) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.140511

KEYWORDS: Crystals, Heat flux, Thermal engineering, Monochromators, Diffraction, Laser crystals, Liquid crystals, Silicon, Photonic crystals, Liquids

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Proceedings Article | 25 February 1993 Paper

Absorption of undulator radiation in media

Roger Dejus, Barry Lai, Ali Khounsary

Proceedings Volume 1739, (1993) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.140540

KEYWORDS: Bessel functions, Beryllium, Heat flux, Thermal engineering, Absorption, Particle beams, Near field, Optical filters, Synchrotron radiation, Erbium

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Proceedings Article | 25 February 1993 Paper

Thermal, structural, and fabrication aspects of diamond windows for high-power synchrotron x-ray beamlines

Ali Khounsary, William Phillips

Proceedings Volume 1739, (1993) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.140498

KEYWORDS: Diamond, Beryllium, Chemical vapor deposition, X-rays, Heat flux, Crystals, Thermal engineering, Synchrotrons, Carbon, Absorption

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Proceedings Article | 25 February 1993 Paper

Diamond monochromator for high heat flux synchrotron x-ray beams

Ali Khounsary, Robert Smither, Steve Davey, Ankor Purohit

Proceedings Volume 1739, (1993) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.140532

KEYWORDS: Diamond, Crystals, Monochromators, Silicon, X-rays, Heat flux, Crystallography, Laser crystals, Thermal engineering, Synchrotrons

Read Abstract +

Proceedings Article | 1 January 1991 Paper

Filter and window assemblies for high-power insertion device synchrotron radiation sources

Ali Khounsary, P. Viccaro, Tuncer Kuzay

Proceedings Volume 1345, (1991) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.23301

KEYWORDS: Beryllium, Optical filters, Carbon, Synchrotrons, Synchrotron radiation, X-rays, Diamond, Copper, Xenon, Absorption

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Proceedings Article | 1 January 1991 Paper

Experimental and analytical studies on fixed mask assembly for APS with enhanced cooling

Tuncer Kuzay, Jeffrey Collins, Ali Khounsary, P. Viccaro

Proceedings Volume 1345, (1991) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.23302

KEYWORDS: Copper, Heat flux, Metals, Bismuth, X-rays, Analytical research, Synchrotrons, Temperature metrology, Foam, Resistance

Read Abstract +

SPIE Journal Paper | 1 October 1990

Performance analysis of high-power synchrotron x-ray monochromators

Ali Khounsary, John Chrzas, Dennis Mills, P. Viccaro

OE, Vol. 29, Issue 10, (October 1990) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.10.1117/12.55723

KEYWORDS: Monochromators, Crystals, Gallium, Distortion, X-rays, Liquids, Optical components, Silicon, Synchrotrons, Laser crystals

Read Abstract +

Showing 5 of 65 publications

Proceedings Volume Editor (43)

SPIE Conference Volume | 22 October 2024

Advances in X-Ray/EUV Optics and Components XIX

SPIE Conference Volume | 24 October 2023

Advances in X-Ray/EUV Optics and Components XVIII

SPIE Conference Volume | 16 October 2023

Advances in Solar Energy: Heliostat Systems Design, Implementation, and Operation

SPIE Conference Volume | 13 October 2022

Advances in X-Ray/EUV Optics and Components XVII

SPIE Conference Volume | 8 October 2021

Advances in X-Ray/EUV Optics and Components XVI

Showing 5 of 43 publications

Conference Committee Involvement (66)

Optical Engineering + Applications

3 August 2025 | San Diego, United States

Advances in X-Ray/EUV Sources, Optics, and Components XX

3 August 2025 | San Diego, California, United States

Advances in Solar Energy: Heliostat Systems Design, Implementation, and Operation II

3 August 2025 | San Diego, California, United States

EUV and X-ray Optics: Synergy between Laboratory and Space IX

7 April 2025 | Prague, Czech Republic

Advances in X-Ray/EUV Optics and Components XIX

19 August 2024 | San Diego, California, United States

Nonimaging Optics: Efficient Design for Illumination and Concentration XIX

18 August 2024 | San Diego, California, United States

Advances in X-Ray/EUV Optics and Components XVIII

22 August 2023 | San Diego, California, United States

Advances in Solar Energy: Heliostat Systems Design, Implementation, and Operation

20 August 2023 | San Diego, California, United States

Advances in Computational Methods for X-Ray Optics VI

20 August 2023 | San Diego, California, United States

EUV and X-ray Optics: Synergy between Laboratory and Space VIII

26 April 2023 | Prague, Czech Republic

Advances in X-Ray/EUV Optics and Components XVII

22 August 2022 | San Diego, California, United States

Advances in X-Ray/EUV Optics and Components XVI

2 August 2021 | San Diego, California, United States

Advances in X-Ray/EUV Optics and Components XV

26 August 2020 | Online Only, California, United States

Advances in Computational Methods for X-Ray Optics V

25 August 2020 | Online Only, California, United States

Advances in X-Ray/EUV Optics and Components XIV

14 August 2019 | San Diego, California, United States

Advances in Laboratory-based X-Ray Sources, Optics, and Applications VII

13 August 2019 | San Diego, California, United States

EUV and X-ray Optics: Synergy between Laboratory and Space

3 April 2019 | Prague, Czech Republic

Adaptive X-Ray Optics V

21 August 2018 | San Diego, California, United States

Advances in X-Ray/EUV Optics and Components XIII

20 August 2018 | San Diego, California, United States

Advances in Computational Methods for X-Ray Optics IV

9 August 2017 | San Diego, California, United States

Advances in X-Ray/EUV Optics and Components XII

8 August 2017 | San Diego, California, United States

Advances in Laboratory-based X-Ray Sources, Optics, and Applications VI

7 August 2017 | San Diego, California, United States

EUV and X-ray Optics: Synergy between Laboratory and Space

26 April 2017 | Prague, Czech Republic

Advances in X-Ray/EUV Optics and Components XI

31 August 2016 | San Diego, California, United States

Advances in Laboratory-based X-Ray Sources, Optics, and Applications V

30 August 2016 | San Diego, California, United States

Adaptive X-Ray Optics IV

28 August 2016 | San Diego, California, United States

Advances in X-Ray/EUV Optics and Components X

11 August 2015 | San Diego, California, United States

Advances in Laboratory-based X-Ray Sources, Optics, and Applications IV

10 August 2015 | San Diego, California, United States

EUV and X-ray Optics: Synergy between Laboratory and Space

13 April 2015 | Prague, Czech Republic

Advances in Computational Methods for X-Ray Optics III

19 August 2014 | San Diego, California, United States

Advances in X-Ray/EUV Optics and Components IX

19 August 2014 | San Diego, California, United States

Adaptive X-Ray Optics III

17 August 2014 | San Diego, California, United States

Advances in X-Ray/EUV Optics and Components VIII

26 August 2013 | San Diego, California, United States

EUV and X-ray Optics: Synergy between Laboratory and Space III

17 April 2013 | Prague, Czech Republic

Adaptive X-Ray Optics II

14 August 2012 | San Diego, California, United States

Advances in X-Ray/EUV Optics and Components VII

13 August 2012 | San Diego, California, United States

Advances in X-Ray/EUV Optics and Components VI

22 August 2011 | San Diego, California, United States

Advances in Computational Methods for X-Ray Optics II

21 August 2011 | San Diego, California, United States

EUV and X-Ray Optics: Synergy between Laboratory and Space

20 April 2011 | Prague, Czech Republic

Adaptive X-Ray Optics

3 August 2010 | San Diego, California, United States

Advances in X-Ray/EUV Optics and Components V

2 August 2010 | San Diego, California, United States

Advances in X-Ray/EUV Optics and Components IV

3 August 2009 | San Diego, California, United States

EUV and X-ray Optics: Synergy between Laboratory and Space

20 April 2009 | Prague, Czech Republic

Advances in X-Ray/EUV Optics and Components III

11 August 2008 | San Diego, California, United States

Advances in X-Ray/EUV Optics and Components II

27 August 2007 | San Diego, California, United States

Advances in X-Ray/EUV Optics, Components, and Applications

14 August 2006 | San Diego, California, United States

Laser-Generated, Synchrotron, and Other Laboratory X-Ray and EUV Sources, Optics, and Applications II

2 August 2005 | San Diego, California, United States

X-Ray Optics: The Roadmap for the Next 10 Years

31 July 2005 | San Diego, California, United States

Advances in Mirror Technology for X-Ray, EUV Lithography, Laser, and Other Applications II

5 August 2004 | Denver, Colorado, United States

Advances in Computational Methods for X-Ray and Neutron Optics

3 August 2004 | Denver, Colorado, United States

X-Ray Sources and Optics

2 August 2004 | Denver, Colorado, United States

Advances in Mirror Technology for X-Ray, EUV Lithography, Laser, and Other Applications

7 August 2003 | San Diego, California, United States

Laser-Generated and Other Laboratory X-Ray and EUV Sources, Optics, and Applications

4 August 2003 | San Diego, California, United States

Reliability, Testing, and Characterization of MEMS/MOEMS II

27 January 2003 | San Jose, CA, United States

Thermo-mechanical Issues in Packaging and Assembly of MEMS and MOEMS

28 October 2002 | Bruges, Belgium

Advances in Laboratory-based X-Ray Sources and Optics III

8 July 2002 | Seattle, WA, United States

Advances in Laboratory-Based X-Ray Sources and Optics II

1 August 2001 | San Diego, CA, United States

X-Ray Mirrors, Crystals, and Multilayers

31 July 2001 | San Diego, CA, United States

X-Ray Mirrors, Crystals, and Multilayers

2 August 2000 | San Diego, CA, United States

Advances in Laboratory-Based X-Ray Sources and Optics

31 July 2000 | San Diego, CA, United States

X-Ray Optics Design, Performance, and Applications

20 July 1999 | Denver, CO, United States

Advances in Mirror Technology for Synchrotron X-Ray and Laser Applications

20 July 1998 | San Diego, CA, United States

High Heat Flux Engineering IV

28 July 1997 | San Diego, CA, United States

High Heat Flux Engineering III

5 August 1996 | Denver, CO, United States

High Heat Flux Engineering II

12 July 1993 | San Diego, CA, United States

High-Heat-Flux Engineering

20 July 1992 | San Diego, CA, United States

Showing 5 of 66 Conference Committees

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